{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065176324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","title":"An automatic approach to fingerprint construction of indoor localization by crowd paths","display_name":"An automatic approach to fingerprint construction of indoor localization by crowd paths","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065176324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","mag":"2065176324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 Sixth International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043154645","display_name":"Jun Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-4706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101151451","display_name":"Zhengyong Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033237183","display_name":"Hui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6927-4451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085791658","display_name":"Xiaoying Gan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5200-1409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoying Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7501003742218018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.7392227649688721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7315416932106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.6925128698348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.614490270614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/received-signal-strength-indication","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","score":0.6034533381462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5931405425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5655368566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5371264815330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5218290686607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5156687498092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.4861988425254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4438278079032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.43211162090301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.41721004247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3956562876701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3908567726612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36928266286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.34192466735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.19639477133750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.16265052556991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13338664174079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08716621994972229}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7501003742218018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.7392227649688721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7315416932106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.6925128698348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.614490270614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778913798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195672","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","level":3,"score":0.6034533381462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5931405425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5655368566513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5371264815330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5218290686607361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5156687498092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.4861988425254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4438278079032898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.43211162090301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.41721004247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3956562876701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3908567726612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36928266286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.34192466735839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.19639477133750916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.16265052556991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13338664174079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08716621994972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2014.6992160","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 Sixth International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005598601","https://openalex.org/W2064785966","https://openalex.org/W2100989187","https://openalex.org/W2102509933","https://openalex.org/W2108482152","https://openalex.org/W2139334658","https://openalex.org/W2152167517","https://openalex.org/W2164729653","https://openalex.org/W2950097193","https://openalex.org/W4241410752","https://openalex.org/W4297813013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2026924879","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W2052388267","https://openalex.org/W2950647290","https://openalex.org/W1968481813","https://openalex.org/W2151673354","https://openalex.org/W2294748733"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"typical":[1],"indoor":[2],"position":[3,34,124],"system":[4],"employing":[5],"location":[6],"fingerprints":[7],"model,":[8],"received":[9],"signal":[10],"strength":[11],"indications":[12],"(RSSI)":[13],"from":[14],"a":[15,29,56,106,112],"set":[16,134],"of":[17,72,125],"Wi-Fi":[18,38,62,90,179],"access":[19],"points":[20],"are":[21],"used":[22],"as":[23],"an":[24],"unique":[25],"fingerprint":[26,63,180],"to":[27,59,116,147],"identify":[28],"specific":[30],"position.":[31],"This":[32],"type":[33],"systems":[35],"need":[36],"abundant":[37],"fingerprints,":[39],"generally":[40],"implemented":[41,157],"by":[42,70],"trained":[43],"experts,":[44],"which":[45],"extends":[46],"labor":[47],"costs":[48],"and":[49,89,92,110,140,163],"restricts":[50],"heir":[51],"promotion.":[52],"his":[54],"paper,":[55],"novel":[57],"approach":[58,159,175],"construct":[60,178],"intelligently":[61],"database":[64,181],"based":[65],"on":[66,152,160],"crowd":[67,96,154],"paths":[68,97],"triggered":[69],"lots":[71],"ordinary":[73],"users":[74],"holding":[75],"onto":[76],"smartphone":[77],"is":[78],"proposed.":[79],"As":[80],"existing":[81],"drift":[82],"errors":[83],"in":[84,129,167,182],"inertial":[85],"measurement":[86],"unit":[87],"(IMU)":[88],"module":[91],"the":[93,123,158,174],"knowledge":[94],"that":[95,173],"involve":[98],"massive":[99],"similar":[100],"or":[101],"crossing":[102],"positions,":[103],"we":[104],"defined":[105],"concept:":[107],"thin":[108,119,131,137],"landmarks,":[109],"employ":[111],"fuzzy":[113],"voter":[114],"scheme":[115],"locating":[117],"each":[118,126,149,153],"landmark.":[120],"Then":[121],"rectifying":[122],"sample":[127,150],"point":[128,151],"every":[130],"landmark's":[132,138],"candidate":[133],"with":[135],"corresponding":[136],"coordinate":[139],"simultaneously":[141],"utilizing":[142],"particle":[143],"filter":[144],"(PF)":[145],"algorithm":[146],"smooth":[148],"path.":[155],"We":[156],"off-he-shelf":[161],"smartphones":[162],"evaluate":[164],"he":[165],"performance":[166],"our":[168],"campus.":[169],"Experimental":[170],"result":[171],"indicates":[172],"can":[176],"availably":[177],"tolerable":[183],"errors.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
