{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7164936829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128","title":"Towards Native Intelligence: 6G-LLM Trained with Reinforcement Learning from NDT Feedback","display_name":"Towards Native Intelligence: 6G-LLM Trained with Reinforcement Learning from NDT Feedback","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7164936829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073520140","display_name":"Zhuoran Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-5398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuoran Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138722571","display_name":"Tao Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138721933","display_name":"Chenhui Ye","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenhui Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034506588","display_name":"Yunbo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunbo Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103176146","display_name":"Yijia Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-6464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijia Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108968512","display_name":"Tianyu Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8469-853X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138712211","display_name":"Liyu Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099903","display_name":"Nokia (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01607kg94","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyu Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099903"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.08820000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.08820000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.05139999836683273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.03889999911189079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nondestructive-testing","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.2761000096797943}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.45890000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36970001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56529433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626700","display_name":"Nondestructive testing","level":2,"score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc65185.2026.11555128","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.41874849796295166}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128783847","https://openalex.org/W4401628481","https://openalex.org/W4401878796","https://openalex.org/W4402978375","https://openalex.org/W4411172249","https://openalex.org/W4412722283","https://openalex.org/W4413179950"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-06-17T00:00:00"}