{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410227835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457","title":"Load Balancing and Energy Efficiency in Cellular Networks with a Scenario-Aware Reinforcement Learning Agent","display_name":"Load Balancing and Energy Efficiency in Cellular Networks with a Scenario-Aware Reinforcement Learning Agent","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410227835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117490358","display_name":"Shorouk R. Abouamasha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shorouk R. Abouamasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University,Cairo,Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University,Cairo,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082061676","display_name":"Mariam Aboelwafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-1151"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariam Aboelwafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer, Communications and Autonomous Systems Engineering, NewGiza University,Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer, Communications and Autonomous Systems Engineering, NewGiza University,Egypt","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055400388","display_name":"Karim G. Seddik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-592X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karim G. Seddik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University,Cairo,Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Engineering, The American University,Cairo,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117490358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10047393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9426000118255615,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.90420001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.9008069634437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7679343223571777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.5616471171379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5346984267234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.47468945384025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-management","display_name":"Load management","score":0.45808732509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.42286908626556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3258858323097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11064377427101135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.9008069634437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7679343223571777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.5616471171379089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5346984267234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.47468945384025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.45808732509613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.42286908626556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3258858323097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11064377427101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098563066","https://openalex.org/W2600398459","https://openalex.org/W2750476287","https://openalex.org/W2995542202","https://openalex.org/W3005380019","https://openalex.org/W3013670295","https://openalex.org/W3013858924","https://openalex.org/W3136901766","https://openalex.org/W3161358209","https://openalex.org/W3198602495","https://openalex.org/W4210965583","https://openalex.org/W4400679176","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6734964502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583194654","https://openalex.org/W2185389245","https://openalex.org/W1964245459","https://openalex.org/W2162063029","https://openalex.org/W2944222538","https://openalex.org/W2563943286","https://openalex.org/W2022863591","https://openalex.org/W2074417580","https://openalex.org/W3139924957","https://openalex.org/W4377970692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,91],"vast":[1],"proliferation":[2],"of":[3,17,23,41,46],"wireless":[4],"data":[5],"networks":[6,28],"demands":[7],"efficient":[8],"resource":[9],"allocation":[10],"strategies":[11],"to":[12,65,108],"accommodate":[13],"the":[14,20,95],"increasing":[15],"number":[16],"devices":[18],"and":[19,34,44,77,100],"dynamic":[21,50],"nature":[22],"cellular":[24],"networks.":[25],"As":[26],"future":[27],"face":[29],"challenges":[30],"like":[31],"severe":[32],"congestion":[33],"varying":[35],"traffic":[36],"demands,":[37],"achieving":[38],"satisfactory":[39],"Quality":[40,45],"Service":[42],"(QoS)":[43],"Experience":[47],"(QoE)":[48],"requires":[49],"management.":[51],"This":[52,80],"paper":[53],"introduces":[54],"an":[55,105],"improved":[56],"self-optimization":[57],"framework":[58,93],"that":[59,104],"adopts":[60],"deep":[61],"reinforcement":[62],"learning":[63],"(RL)":[64],"dynamically":[66],"adjust":[67],"key":[68],"network":[69,84,121],"parameters,":[70],"such":[71],"as":[72],"handover":[73],"settings,":[74],"power":[75],"levels,":[76],"MIMO":[78],"technology.":[79],"approach":[81],"significantly":[82],"enhances":[83],"throughput":[85],"by":[86],"effectively":[87],"balancing":[88],"load":[89],"distribution.":[90],"proposed":[92],"explores":[94],"trade-off":[96],"between":[97],"system":[98],"complexity":[99],"performance":[101],"gains,":[102],"demonstrating":[103],"agent":[106],"tailored":[107],"optimize":[109],"a":[110],"frequently":[111],"recurring":[112],"single":[113],"scenario":[114],"can":[115],"outperform":[116],"generalized":[117],"agents":[118],"under":[119],"specific":[120],"conditions.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}