{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410229344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229","title":"Towards Load-Balanced Clustered Cell-Free Networking: A Tight Relaxation Approach","display_name":"Towards Load-Balanced Clustered Cell-Free Networking: A Tight Relaxation Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410229344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058759214","display_name":"Chaowen Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7247-6540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaowen Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101515697","display_name":"Jie Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6833-7353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038480650","display_name":"Boxiang Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boxiang Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077135045","display_name":"Ziyuan Lyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyuan Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011894634","display_name":"Junyuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1838-8336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University,College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Shanghai,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University,College of Electronic and Information Engineering,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101738348","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2999-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,Department of Mathematical Sciences,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4905,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61541474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9275000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6412931680679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.4774923026561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44082656502723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4132935404777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.4109758138656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10291308164596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.06966111063957214}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6412931680679321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4774923026561737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44082656502723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4132935404777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.4109758138656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10291308164596558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.06966111063957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc61545.2025.10978229","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1547526120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12271289,62371344","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321002","funder_display_name":"Research Promotion Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321002","display_name":"Research Promotion Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00en9ce74"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97540112","https://openalex.org/W1536329667","https://openalex.org/W2005895359","https://openalex.org/W2027711030","https://openalex.org/W2086323639","https://openalex.org/W2744331595","https://openalex.org/W3035625450","https://openalex.org/W3095937564","https://openalex.org/W3105435624","https://openalex.org/W3188358066","https://openalex.org/W4226150945","https://openalex.org/W4290970540","https://openalex.org/W4301171817","https://openalex.org/W4315473087","https://openalex.org/W4401693259","https://openalex.org/W4402156554","https://openalex.org/W4402156925","https://openalex.org/W4404627554","https://openalex.org/W6641939000","https://openalex.org/W6763288952"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3004117068","https://openalex.org/W2043284556","https://openalex.org/W3175372827","https://openalex.org/W2488220206","https://openalex.org/W2146301767","https://openalex.org/W191730236","https://openalex.org/W4384948837","https://openalex.org/W4312680855","https://openalex.org/W3191990038","https://openalex.org/W1524016490"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clustered":[0],"cell-free":[1,47],"networking":[2,48],"that":[3,87,130],"dynamically":[4],"decomposes":[5],"a":[6,14,44,73,84,97,124],"network":[7],"into":[8,83],"multiple":[9],"subnetworks":[10],"is":[11,32,96],"emerging":[12],"as":[13],"promising":[15],"solution":[16],"to":[17,59,77,119],"the":[18,26,38,80,89,135],"cell-edge":[19],"problem":[20,49,82,95],"in":[21],"mobile":[22],"communication":[23],"systems.":[24],"Maximizing":[25],"minimum":[27],"subnetwork":[28],"sum":[29],"ergodic":[30],"capacity":[31],"of":[33,40],"great":[34],"importance":[35],"for":[36],"balancing":[37],"loads":[39],"different":[41],"subnetworks.":[42],"Such":[43],"load-balanced":[45],"clustered":[46],"was":[50],"proposed":[51],"recently,":[52],"yet":[53],"still":[54],"lacks":[55],"efficient":[56],"algorithms":[57],"due":[58],"its":[60,107],"complicated":[61],"objective":[62],"function":[63],"and":[64],"combinatorial":[65],"nature.":[66],"Recognizing":[67],"these":[68],"challenges,":[69],"this":[70],"paper":[71],"proposes":[72],"tight":[74],"relaxation":[75],"method":[76],"equivalently":[78],"transform":[79],"original":[81],"continuous":[85],"one":[86],"shares":[88],"same":[90],"optimal":[91],"solution.":[92],"The":[93],"relaxed":[94],"nonconvex-linear":[98],"minmax":[99],"problem,":[100],"which":[101],"can":[102],"be":[103],"solved":[104],"by":[105],"finding":[106],"Nash":[108],"equilibrium.":[109],"We":[110],"then":[111],"propose":[112],"an":[113],"alternating":[114],"gradient":[115],"projection":[116],"(AGP)":[117],"algorithm":[118],"effectively":[120],"tackle":[121],"it,":[122],"with":[123],"guaranteed":[125],"convergence.":[126],"Simulation":[127],"results":[128],"show":[129],"our":[131],"approach":[132],"significantly":[133],"outperforms":[134],"existing":[136],"benchmarks.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}