{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376480603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590","title":"Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL","display_name":"Autonomous Radio Resource Provisioning in Multi-WAT Private 5G RANs based on DRL","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376480603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067521291","display_name":"Lorena Chinchilla-Romero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6426-939X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lorena Chinchilla-Romero","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada,Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC),Spain","Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada,Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC),Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024149810","display_name":"Jonathan Prados-Garzon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-5767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Prados-Garzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065496100","display_name":"Pablo Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3265-5728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044570926","display_name":"Pablo Ameigeiras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4572-3902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Ameigeiras","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006750310","display_name":"Juan J. Ramos\u2010Munoz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5428-3913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173304897","display_name":"Universidad de Granada","ror":"https://ror.org/04njjy449","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan J. Ramos-Munoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Granada,Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center on Information and Communication Technologies, University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory, Telematics and Communications (DTSTC), University of Granada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067521291"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173304897"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3918,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58389582,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7433810830116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.6379464864730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-management","display_name":"Spectrum management","score":0.524470329284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.49853014945983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.43745195865631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-resource-management","display_name":"Radio resource management","score":0.42644989490509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41423919796943665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3519779443740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.275742769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.24186795949935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7433810830116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.6379464864730835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.524470329284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.49853014945983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43745195865631104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182448111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281197","display_name":"Radio resource management","level":4,"score":0.42644989490509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41423919796943665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3519779443740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.275742769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.24186795949935913}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc55385.2023.10118590","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619533350","https://openalex.org/W2787082382","https://openalex.org/W2939348587","https://openalex.org/W2946126546","https://openalex.org/W2948712218","https://openalex.org/W3006375908","https://openalex.org/W3011538535","https://openalex.org/W3021299442","https://openalex.org/W3027763957","https://openalex.org/W3135089279","https://openalex.org/W3214046283","https://openalex.org/W4200589062","https://openalex.org/W4214700976","https://openalex.org/W4224303892","https://openalex.org/W4226342902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4239573465","https://openalex.org/W2952862559","https://openalex.org/W4247054955","https://openalex.org/W4226410209","https://openalex.org/W2810719762","https://openalex.org/W2072897797","https://openalex.org/W2110174114","https://openalex.org/W264425323","https://openalex.org/W2781250772","https://openalex.org/W2148228914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-Wireless":[0],"Access":[1,5],"Technology":[2],"(WAT)":[3],"Radio":[4],"Networks":[6],"(RANs)":[7],"are":[8],"becoming":[9],"a":[10,113,138,162,171,198],"key":[11],"enabler":[12],"in":[13,89,108,143,153,170,181],"5G":[14,91,109,174,201],"and":[15,29,40,46,57,63,110,195],"beyond":[16,111],"networks":[17,92],"due":[18],"to":[19,59,70,83,148],"the":[20,24,41,44,86,95,100,105,121,128,168,179,182,191],"public":[21],"spectrum":[22],"scarcity,":[23],"level":[25],"of":[26,43,104,161],"signal":[27],"confinement":[28],"security":[30],"offered":[31],"by":[32],"some":[33],"wireless":[34],"technologies":[35],"(e.g.,":[36],"Light":[37],"Fidelity":[38,52],"(Li-Fi)),":[39],"reduction":[42],"deployment":[45],"operational":[47],"costs.":[48],"For":[49],"instance,":[50],"Wireless":[51],"(Wi-Fi)":[53],"technology":[54],"is":[55,81,112],"cheaper":[56],"easier":[58],"manage":[60],"than":[61],"5G,":[62],"leveraging":[64],"their":[65],"already":[66],"deployed":[67],"infrastructures":[68],"contributes":[69],"capital":[71],"expenditures":[72],"saving.":[73],"Developing":[74],"autonomous":[75],"radio":[76,106],"resource":[77],"provisioning":[78],"(RRP)":[79],"solutions":[80],"fundamental":[82],"cost-effectively":[84],"achieve":[85],"zero-touch":[87],"management":[88],"private":[90,173,200],"while":[93],"fulfilling":[94],"service":[96],"requirements.":[97],"However,":[98],"modelling":[99],"Key":[101],"Performance":[102],"Indicators":[103],"interface":[107],"complex":[114],"task":[115],"that":[116],"requires":[117],"high-domain":[118],"knowledge.":[119],"Furthermore,":[120,176],"resulting":[122],"models,":[123],"as":[124,126],"well":[125],"solving":[127],"respective":[129],"RRP":[130,169],"optimization":[131],"problem":[132],"using":[133],"exact":[134],"methods":[135],"usually":[136],"offer":[137],"high":[139],"computational":[140],"complexity,":[141],"especially":[142],"multi-WAT":[144,172],"scenarios.":[145],"In":[146],"order":[147],"cope":[149],"with":[150],"these":[151],"issues,":[152],"this":[154],"work,":[155],"we":[156,177],"propose":[157],"an":[158],"initial":[159],"design":[160,194],"Deep":[163],"Reinforcement":[164],"Learning-assisted":[165],"solution":[166,180],"for":[167],"network.":[175],"contex-tualize":[178],"Open":[183],"RAN":[184],"architecture":[185],"framework.":[186],"A":[187],"simulation-based":[188],"proof-of-concept":[189],"validates":[190],"proposal\u2019s":[192],"proper":[193],"operation":[196],"considering":[197],"realistic":[199],"network":[202],"scenario.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
