{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965519056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","title":"Reinforcement Learning-designed LSTM for Trajectory and Traffic Flow Prediction","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning-designed LSTM for Trajectory and Traffic Flow Prediction","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965519056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","mag":"2965519056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079512546","display_name":"Mostafa Karimzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-6857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Karimzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064481149","display_name":"Ryan Aebi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Aebi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028478887","display_name":"Allan M. de Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5518-8392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allan M. de Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Campinas,Brazil","University of Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078322039","display_name":"Zhongliang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0979-9272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongliang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","School of Electronic Engineering, Beihang University, China","Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beihang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087658596","display_name":"Torsten Braun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5968-7108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Braun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Science, University of Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008921007","display_name":"Susana Sargento","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-8281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susana Sargento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es - Aveiro,Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es - Aveiro,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025642074","display_name":"Leandro A. Villas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3372-3366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leandro Villas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Campinas,Brazil","University of Campinas, Brazil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Campinas, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079512546"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3061,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8647669,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8717817068099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8044900894165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.7679290771484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6423987150192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6082025766372681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-flow","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","score":0.5978846549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.5735559463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5708159804344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5335906744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolution","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","score":0.5291785597801208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5252501368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4564495086669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.42816078662872314}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8717817068099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8044900894165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.7679290771484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6423987150192261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6082025766372681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207512268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074551","display_name":"Traffic flow (computer networking)","level":2,"score":0.5978846549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.5735559463500977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5708159804344177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5335906744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.5291785597801208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5252501368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4564495086669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42816078662872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417511","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boris.unibe.ch:132241","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/132241/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401086","display_name":"Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","host_organization_name":"University of Bern","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Karimzadeh, Mostafa; Aebi, Ryan; M. de Souza, Allan; Zhao, Zhongliang; Braun, Torsten; Sargento, Susana; Villas, Leandro (5 May 2021). Reinforcement Learning-designed LSTM for Trajectory and Traffic Flow Prediction. In: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (pp. 1-6). IEEE 10.1109/WCNC49053.2021.9417511 &lt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WCNC49053.2021.9417511&gt;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485815177","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W2015368813","https://openalex.org/W2023646352","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2097545165","https://openalex.org/W2120099703","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2528639018","https://openalex.org/W2553303224","https://openalex.org/W2724485295","https://openalex.org/W2729281059","https://openalex.org/W2774231091","https://openalex.org/W2785087639","https://openalex.org/W2791836213","https://openalex.org/W2802897269","https://openalex.org/W2896370193","https://openalex.org/W2963374479","https://openalex.org/W2963628712","https://openalex.org/W2963914175","https://openalex.org/W2964311892","https://openalex.org/W6637178625","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6685444988","https://openalex.org/W6728547873","https://openalex.org/W6729956949","https://openalex.org/W6739977115","https://openalex.org/W6740143944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4225394202","https://openalex.org/W4298287631","https://openalex.org/W2953061907","https://openalex.org/W1847088711","https://openalex.org/W3036642985","https://openalex.org/W3032952384","https://openalex.org/W3017902212","https://openalex.org/W2964335273","https://openalex.org/W2982145560","https://openalex.org/W2969450769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Trajectory":[0],"and":[1,42,69,89,103,174,183],"traffic":[2,25,90,137,166,175],"flow":[3,138,167,176],"prediction":[4],"will":[5],"play":[6],"an":[7,82],"essential":[8],"role":[9],"in":[10,92],"Intelligent":[11],"Transportation":[12],"Systems":[13],"(ITS)":[14],"to":[15,27,54,57,66,71,74,85,107,143,159],"enable":[16],"a":[17,131,161],"whole":[18],"new":[19],"set":[20,77],"of":[21,78,148,187],"applications":[22],"ranging":[23],"from":[24],"management":[26],"infotainment":[28],"applications.":[29],"In":[30,117],"this":[31],"scenario,":[32],"deep":[33,133],"learning":[34,134],"approaches":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,115],"Recurrent":[38],"Neural":[39],"Networks":[40],"(RNN)":[41],"its":[43],"variant":[44],"Long":[45],"Short":[46],"Term":[47],"Memory":[48],"(LSTM)":[49],"are":[50,154],"excellent":[51],"alternatives":[52],"due":[53,73],"their":[55],"ability":[56],"learn":[58],"spatiotemporal":[59,146],"dependencies.":[60],"However,":[61],"these":[62],"neural":[63],"networks":[64],"tend":[65],"be":[67],"over-complex":[68],"hard":[70],"design":[72],"the":[75,157,171,192],"broad":[76],"hyper-parameters.":[79],"We":[80,98,169],"propose":[81],"automated":[83],"framework":[84],"predict":[86],"future":[87],"trajectories":[88],"flows":[91],"urban":[93,149],"areas":[94],"without":[95],"human":[96],"interventions.":[97],"employ":[99],"Reinforcement":[100],"Learning":[101,105],"(RL)":[102],"Transfer":[104],"(TL)":[106],"generate":[108],"high-performance":[109],"LSTM":[110,164],"predictors,":[111],"which":[112],"is":[113],"referred":[114],"RL-LSTM.":[116],"addition,":[118],"we":[119],"introduce":[120],"HERITOR":[121,141],"(High":[122],"ordE":[123],"r":[124],"tR":[125],"affI":[126],"c":[127],"convoluTiOn":[128],"R":[129],"1-lstm),":[130],"novel":[132],"algorithm":[135],"for":[136,165],"prediction.":[139,168],"Specifically,":[140],"attempts":[142],"capture":[144],"pure":[145],"features":[147,153],"traffic.":[150],"The":[151],"extracted":[152],"fed":[155],"into":[156],"RL-LSTM":[158],"realize":[160],"high":[162],"performance":[163],"examine":[170],"proposed":[172],"trajectory":[173],"predictors":[177],"on":[178],"two":[179],"real-world,":[180],"large-scale":[181],"datasets":[182],"observe":[184],"consistent":[185],"improvements":[186],"15%":[188],"-":[189],"25%":[190],"over":[191],"state-of-the-art.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
