{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160527734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","title":"DRL based Data Offloading for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Mobile Edge Computing","display_name":"DRL based Data Offloading for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Mobile Edge Computing","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160527734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","mag":"3160527734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100712935","display_name":"Xuhui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2778-5755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuhui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033047627","display_name":"Yanyan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0639-2925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanyan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101848565","display_name":"Bo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3875-9464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China","Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024667188","display_name":"Weilin Zang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0357-9436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weilin Zang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082547911","display_name":"Shuqiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1119-320X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuqiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100712935"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9049109,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8528879880905151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.6391793489456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6333311796188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6314269304275513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5835781097412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5671009421348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5393087863922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5248425006866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5149167776107788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.4607255756855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.43100735545158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3434711992740631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12161442637443542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8528879880905151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.6391793489456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6333311796188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6314269304275513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5835781097412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5671009421348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5393087863922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5248425006866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5149167776107788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.4607255756855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.43100735545158386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3434711992740631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12161442637443542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc49053.2021.9417469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335790","display_name":"Shenzhen Peacock Plan","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2155968351","https://openalex.org/W2177372563","https://openalex.org/W2486013602","https://openalex.org/W2520685820","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2724169821","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2761862361","https://openalex.org/W2898035736","https://openalex.org/W2963060851","https://openalex.org/W2964174623","https://openalex.org/W2976580479","https://openalex.org/W2981645398","https://openalex.org/W3001399198","https://openalex.org/W3006762012","https://openalex.org/W3013719647","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3036604634","https://openalex.org/W3038283497","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3103493968","https://openalex.org/W3124943657","https://openalex.org/W3146477712","https://openalex.org/W6740092555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2959276766","https://openalex.org/W3163162707","https://openalex.org/W3111983280","https://openalex.org/W3162009398","https://openalex.org/W3109858579","https://openalex.org/W4214890711","https://openalex.org/W4200411065","https://openalex.org/W3074294383","https://openalex.org/W3042877534","https://openalex.org/W2966171167"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"the":[1,53,71,79,97,116,135,145,154,157,165,170,180,198],"intelligent":[2],"reflecting":[3,49],"surface":[4],"(IRS)":[5],"is":[6,37,44,112],"an":[7,40,66],"emerging":[8],"and":[9,16,84,160,169,197],"promising":[10],"technology":[11],"for":[12,56],"achieving":[13],"higher":[14],"spectrum":[15],"energy":[17,80],"efficiency":[18],"in":[19,107,138],"wireless":[20,29],"communication":[21],"systems.":[22],"In":[23,134],"this":[24,61,123],"paper,":[25],"we":[26,64,125],"consider":[27,78],"a":[28,48,108,127,142,148],"powered":[30],"mobile":[31],"edge":[32,57],"computing":[33],"(MEC)":[34],"network":[35],"that":[36,179,194],"equipped":[38],"with":[39,193],"IRS.":[41],"The":[42],"IRS":[43,161,196],"able":[45],"to":[46,51,69,114,140,152,164],"provide":[47],"channel":[50,167],"enhance":[52],"offloading":[54,87,118,185],"capability":[55],"users.":[58],"Based":[59],"on":[60],"system":[62,190],"model,":[63],"investigate":[65],"optimisation":[67],"problem":[68],"maximize":[70],"sum":[72],"of":[73,86,173],"users'":[74],"utilities,":[75],"which":[76],"jointly":[77],"efficiency,":[81],"time":[82,158],"latency,":[83],"price":[85],"computations.":[88],"With":[89],"task":[90,174],"offloading,":[91],"power":[92],"limited":[93],"users":[94],"can":[95,187],"complete":[96],"computational":[98],"tasks":[99],"even":[100],"when":[101],"they":[102],"face":[103],"data-intensive":[104],"workloads.":[105],"However,":[106],"dynamic":[109,166],"system,":[110],"it":[111],"complicated":[113],"design":[115],"optimal":[117,150],"decision":[119],"strategy.":[120],"To":[121],"tackle":[122],"problem,":[124],"propose":[126],"deep":[128],"reinforcement":[129],"learning":[130],"(DRL)":[131],"based":[132,183],"approach.":[133],"designed":[136],"algorithm,":[137],"order":[139],"get":[141],"better":[143,189],"reward,":[144],"agent":[146],"chooses":[147],"near":[149],"solution":[151],"adjust":[153],"workload":[155],"partitions,":[156],"allocation,":[159],"parameters":[162],"according":[163],"environment":[168],"random":[171],"arrival":[172],"workload.":[175],"Numerical":[176],"results":[177],"show":[178],"proposed":[181],"DRL":[182],"IRS-aided":[184],"algorithm":[186],"achieve":[188],"performance":[191],"compared":[192],"without":[195],"relative":[199],"benchmark":[200],"algorithms.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}