{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982474688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","title":"Directivity Optimization in Omnidirectional Volumetric Antenna Arrays","display_name":"Directivity Optimization in Omnidirectional Volumetric Antenna Arrays","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982474688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","mag":"2982474688"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002640792","display_name":"Bruno Felipe Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-5584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127110123","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Londrina","ror":"https://ror.org/01585b035","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Felipe Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil","Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026516878","display_name":"Taufik Abr\u00e3o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-2805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127110123","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Londrina","ror":"https://ror.org/01585b035","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taufik Abrao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127110123"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11870","display_name":"Structural Analysis and Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directivity","display_name":"Directivity","score":0.8963209390640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omnidirectional-antenna","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","score":0.7494634389877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6052114963531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5718714594841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5319796800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49083787202835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.401295006275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3650732934474945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26065880060195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22576212882995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.17033350467681885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189039984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8225412","display_name":"Directivity","level":3,"score":0.8963209390640259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24027999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2176348","display_name":"Omnidirectional antenna","level":3,"score":0.7494634389877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6052114963531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5718714594841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5319796800613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49083787202835083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.401295006275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3650732934474945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26065880060195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22576212882995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.17033350467681885}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1908939435","https://openalex.org/W2000084930","https://openalex.org/W2049779581","https://openalex.org/W2145728357","https://openalex.org/W2328425953","https://openalex.org/W2511540550","https://openalex.org/W2529340013","https://openalex.org/W2537891018","https://openalex.org/W2585073895","https://openalex.org/W2595858050","https://openalex.org/W2751353066","https://openalex.org/W2766161667","https://openalex.org/W2790845829","https://openalex.org/W2801082343","https://openalex.org/W2890414249","https://openalex.org/W3013520722","https://openalex.org/W3100565424"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242302093","https://openalex.org/W2323417499","https://openalex.org/W2074103798","https://openalex.org/W2134293600","https://openalex.org/W2363346776","https://openalex.org/W2400319883","https://openalex.org/W3110694720","https://openalex.org/W2036271115","https://openalex.org/W2585623765","https://openalex.org/W3188630320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Directivity":[0],"pattern":[1,95],"is":[2,49,63],"a":[3,35,42,92,134],"paramount":[4],"performance":[5],"measure":[6],"in":[7,22,38,51,78],"antenna":[8,24,72],"array":[9,60],"configurations.":[10],"Applications":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13],"heterogeneous":[14],"MIMO":[15],"wireless":[16],"cellular":[17],"communication":[18],"can":[19,129],"greatly":[20],"benefit":[21],"exploring":[23],"directivity":[25,30,39,61,156],"improvement.":[26],"The":[27],"problem":[28,62],"of":[29,46,164],"optimization,":[31],"which":[32],"leads":[33],"to":[34,69,144,169],"highly":[36],"increasing":[37],"gain":[40],"on":[41,57],"certain":[43],"desired":[44,76],"angle":[45,77],"arrive/departure":[47],"(AoA/AoD),":[48],"considered":[50,132],"this":[52],"work.":[53],"A":[54,137],"new":[55],"formulation":[56],"the":[58,66,75,110,114,147,170],"volumetric":[59],"proposed":[64],"using":[65,174],"rectangular":[67],"coordinates":[68,80],"describe":[70],"each":[71],"element,":[73],"and":[74,159,182],"spherical":[79],"(\u03b8":[81],"<sub":[82,87],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[83,88,100,105],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">0</sub>":[84,89],",":[85],"\u03c6":[86],"),":[90],"with":[91],"general":[93],"element":[94],"given":[96],"by":[97],"sin":[98],"<sup":[99,104],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">u</sup>":[101],"\u03b8":[102],"cos":[103],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">v</sup>":[106],"\u03b8.":[107],"To":[108],"solve":[109,146],"associated":[111],"optimization":[112,150],"problem,":[113],"omnidirectional":[115],"(cos":[116],"\u03b8)":[117],"configuration":[118],"was":[119,142],"selected;":[120],"besides,":[121],"generalized":[122],"scenarios,":[123],"i.e":[124],"\u2200u,":[125],"v":[126],"\u2260":[127],"0,":[128],"easily":[130],"be":[131],"deploying":[133],"similar":[135],"formulation.":[136],"well-defined":[138],"genetic":[139],"algorithm":[140],"(GA)":[141],"selected":[143],"expeditiously":[145],"resultant":[148],"non-convex":[149],"problem.":[151],"Numerical":[152],"results":[153],"comparing":[154],"achieved":[155],"for":[157,177],"N=6,7":[158],"8":[160],"antenna-elements":[161],"demonstrate":[162],"gains":[163],"~":[165],"5":[166],"dB":[167],"compared":[168],"regular":[171],"beamforming":[172],"technique,":[173],"steering":[175],"vector":[176],"uniform":[178,183],"linear":[179],"arrays":[180,185],"(ULA)":[181],"circular":[184],"(UCA).":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}