{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982514609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","title":"Securing Fog-to-Things Environment Using Intrusion Detection System Based On Ensemble Learning","display_name":"Securing Fog-to-Things Environment Using Intrusion Detection System Based On Ensemble Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982514609","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","mag":"2982514609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.10933","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057826754","display_name":"Poulmanogo Illy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-698X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Poulmanogo Illy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032243366","display_name":"Georges Kaddoum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-6624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georges Kaddoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012727603","display_name":"Christian Miranda Moreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-5941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Miranda Moreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091365209","display_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuljeet Kaur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005877741","display_name":"Sahil Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-608X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9736820","display_name":"\u00c9cole de Technologie Sup\u00e9rieure","ror":"https://ror.org/0020snb74","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I49663120","https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahil Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Ecole de Technologie Superieure, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9736820"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.858979344367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7737342119216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6356397867202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5903761386871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5497272610664368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5300260186195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5298823118209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty-detection","display_name":"Novelty detection","score":0.4637150764465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-based-intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Anomaly-based intrusion detection system","score":0.430298388004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4128812849521637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37469014525413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.3640866279602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20497387647628784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.858979344367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7737342119216919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6356397867202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5903761386871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5497272610664368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5300260186195374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5298823118209839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778924833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7064603","display_name":"Novelty detection","level":3,"score":0.4637150764465332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137524506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2247688","display_name":"Anomaly-based intrusion detection system","level":3,"score":0.430298388004303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4128812849521637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37469014525413513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.3640866279602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20497387647628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885534","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.10933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10933","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.10933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace2.etsmtl.ca:19837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://espace2.etsmtl.ca/id/eprint/19837/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402392","display_name":"Espace \u00c9TS (ETS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1341030882","host_organization_name":"Educational Testing Service","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341030882"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Compte rendu de conf\u00e9rence"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1901.10933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10933","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.10933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W187043655","https://openalex.org/W1986478348","https://openalex.org/W1995678176","https://openalex.org/W2032233621","https://openalex.org/W2055443621","https://openalex.org/W2099940443","https://openalex.org/W2114623221","https://openalex.org/W2116881180","https://openalex.org/W2136087862","https://openalex.org/W2143989995","https://openalex.org/W2273675851","https://openalex.org/W2527484278","https://openalex.org/W2655549288","https://openalex.org/W2751060233","https://openalex.org/W2762776925","https://openalex.org/W2775339876","https://openalex.org/W2810087077","https://openalex.org/W3145506661","https://openalex.org/W6681480703","https://openalex.org/W6753259544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337148208","https://openalex.org/W3004832009","https://openalex.org/W3036013726","https://openalex.org/W1971929717","https://openalex.org/W1724519426","https://openalex.org/W2351051591","https://openalex.org/W2369534771","https://openalex.org/W2357468538","https://openalex.org/W1548126107","https://openalex.org/W2209997499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,174],"growing":[1],"interest":[2],"in":[3,99,111,211,263],"the":[4,22,34,42,58,69,100,116,119,127,131,136,167,182,202,205,226,235,238,242,253,257,260,266,270],"Internet":[5],"of":[6,16,38,71,118,126,135,170,176,204,219,237,259],"Things":[7],"(IoT)":[8],"applications":[9,113],"is":[10,179,221],"associated":[11],"with":[12,265],"an":[13,230],"augmented":[14],"volume":[15],"security":[17],"threats.":[18],"In":[19,223],"this":[20,177],"vein,":[21],"Intrusion":[23],"detection":[24,35,44,189,232],"systems":[25],"(IDS)":[26],"have":[27,105],"emerged":[28],"as":[29],"a":[30,50,208,212],"viable":[31],"solution":[32],"for":[33,53,122,150,187],"and":[36,81,124,161,192],"prevention":[37,250],"malicious":[39],"activities.":[40],"Unlike":[41],"signature-based":[43],"approaches,":[45],"machine":[46,59],"learning-based":[47],"solutions":[48,97,138,154],"are":[49,102,109,155,162],"promising":[51],"means":[52],"detecting":[54],"unknown":[55],"attacks.":[56],"However,":[57],"learning":[60,172],"models":[61],"need":[62,77],"to":[63,67,78,104,115,180,196],"be":[64,79,91],"accurate":[65],"enough":[66],"reduce":[68],"number":[70],"false":[72],"alarms.":[73],"More":[74],"importantly,":[75],"they":[76],"trained":[80],"evaluated":[82],"on":[83,93,158,269],"realistic":[84,184],"datasets":[85],"such":[86,224],"that":[87,200,215],"their":[88,148],"efficacy":[89],"can":[90],"validated":[92],"real-time":[94],"deployments.":[95],"Many":[96],"proposed":[98,261],"literature":[101],"reported":[103],"high":[106],"accuracy":[107,145,203],"but":[108,142],"ineffective":[110],"real":[112],"due":[114],"non-representativity":[117],"dataset":[120,185],"used":[121],"training":[123],"evaluation":[125],"underlying":[128],"models.":[129],"On":[130],"other":[132,267],"hand,":[133],"some":[134],"existing":[137],"overcome":[139],"these":[140],"challenges":[141],"yield":[143],"low":[144],"which":[146,233],"hampers":[147],"implementation":[149],"commercial":[151],"tools.":[152],"These":[153],"majorly":[156],"based":[157],"single":[159],"learners":[160,195,199],"therefore":[163],"directly":[164],"affected":[165],"by":[166],"intrinsic":[168],"limitations":[169],"each":[171],"algorithm.":[173],"novelty":[175],"paper":[178],"use":[181],"most":[183],"available":[186],"intrusion":[188],"called":[190],"NSL-KDD,":[191],"combine":[193],"multiple":[194],"build":[197],"ensemble":[198],"increase":[201],"detection.":[206],"Furthermore,":[207],"deployment":[209],"architecture":[210],"fog-to-things":[213],"environment":[214],"employs":[216],"two":[217],"levels":[218],"classifications":[220],"proposed.":[222],"architecture,":[225],"first":[227],"level":[228],"performs":[229],"anomaly":[231],"reduces":[234],"latency":[236],"classification":[239],"substantially,":[240],"while":[241],"second":[243],"level,":[244],"executes":[245],"attack":[246],"classifications,":[247],"enabling":[248],"precise":[249],"measures.":[251],"Finally,":[252],"experimental":[254],"results":[255],"demonstrate":[256],"effectiveness":[258],"IDS":[262],"comparison":[264],"state-of-the-arts":[268],"NSL-KDD":[271],"dataset.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}