{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2613107092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","title":"On the performance of multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks with idle mode capability","display_name":"On the performance of multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks with idle mode capability","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2613107092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","mag":"2613107092"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081768220","display_name":"Chuan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7819-4544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075722123","display_name":"Ming Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-0321"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100327671","display_name":"He Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-9680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020329725","display_name":"Zihuai Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3299-0411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihuai Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036000787","display_name":"Guoqiang Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3598-4949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqiang Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data61, CSIRO, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data61, CSIRO, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100739513","display_name":"David L\u00f3pez\u2010P\u00e9rez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105201","display_name":"Nokia (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dcaj468","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210105201"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Lopez-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105201"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081768220"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I42894916"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45211279,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7815980911254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.7636843323707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.6940643787384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6872111558914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.5893420577049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5060421824455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5000410079956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.49463531374931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coverage-probability","display_name":"Coverage probability","score":0.4832233190536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"Outage probability","score":0.4474671483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4257679581642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.419355571269989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09688261151313782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7815980911254883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.7636843323707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.6940643787384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6872111558914185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.5893420577049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5060421824455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5000410079956055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.49463531374931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.4832233190536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.4474671483039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4257679581642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.419355571269989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09688261151313782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377125","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/132551","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/132551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1926244710","https://openalex.org/W1973545306","https://openalex.org/W1985999806","https://openalex.org/W2010630450","https://openalex.org/W2034420299","https://openalex.org/W2125986229","https://openalex.org/W2142989636","https://openalex.org/W2149170915","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2511938573","https://openalex.org/W2591595315","https://openalex.org/W2604869460","https://openalex.org/W2963155944","https://openalex.org/W3098519192","https://openalex.org/W3100082866","https://openalex.org/W3101445254","https://openalex.org/W3102032572","https://openalex.org/W3105072513","https://openalex.org/W6736448198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944977343","https://openalex.org/W2606645212","https://openalex.org/W3036215405","https://openalex.org/W2952298714","https://openalex.org/W2613107092","https://openalex.org/W2997113105","https://openalex.org/W2526265767","https://openalex.org/W2560910596","https://openalex.org/W4220709095","https://openalex.org/W2795635131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,6,15,62,75,78,92,96,110,113,134,141,145,152,157,179,184],"impact":[4,108],"of":[5,18,39,53,64,77,109,115,131,183],"base":[7],"station":[8],"(BS)":[9],"idle":[10],"mode":[11],"capability":[12],"(IMC)":[13],"on":[14,86,112,178],"network":[16,33],"performance":[17,114],"multi-tier":[19],"and":[20,74,95,144,181],"dense":[21],"heterogeneous":[22],"cellular":[23],"networks":[24],"(HCNs).":[25],"Different":[26],"from":[27,167],"most":[28],"existing":[29,170],"works":[30],"that":[31,168],"investigated":[32],"scenarios":[34],"with":[35,49],"an":[36],"infinite":[37],"number":[38,52],"user":[40],"equipments":[41],"(UEs),":[42],"we":[43,60],"consider":[44],"a":[45,50,68,129],"more":[46],"practical":[47],"setup":[48],"finite":[51],"UEs":[54],"in":[55,82,101,137,169],"our":[56,173],"analysis.":[57],"More":[58],"specifically,":[59],"derive":[61],"probability":[63,94,148],"which":[65],"BS":[66,80,117,135,158],"tier":[67,103,139],"typical":[69],"UE":[70,142],"should":[71],"associate":[72],"to":[73,121],"expression":[76],"activated":[79],"density":[81,136],"each":[83,102,138],"tier.":[84],"Based":[85],"such":[87],"results,":[88],"analytical":[89],"expressions":[90],"for":[91],"coverage":[93,147],"area":[97],"spectral":[98],"efficiency":[99],"(ASE)":[100],"are":[104],"also":[105],"obtained.":[106],"The":[107],"IMC":[111,159],"all":[116],"tiers":[118],"is":[119,160,164],"shown":[120],"be":[122,128],"significant.":[123],"In":[124],"particular,":[125],"there":[126],"will":[127],"surplus":[130],"BSs":[132],"when":[133,156],"exceeds":[140],"density,":[143],"overall":[146],"as":[149,151],"well":[150],"ASE":[153],"continuously":[154],"increase":[155],"applied.":[161],"Such":[162],"finding":[163],"distinctively":[165],"different":[166],"work.":[171],"Thus,":[172],"result":[174],"sheds":[175],"new":[176],"light":[177],"design":[180],"deployment":[182],"future":[185],"5G":[186],"HCNs.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}