{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2051922045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","title":"Identifying and analyzing wireless network protocols without demodulation","display_name":"Identifying and analyzing wireless network protocols without demodulation","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2051922045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","mag":"2051922045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068025317","display_name":"Aijing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1515-0330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["CN","YE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aijing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058480659","display_name":"Chao Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0183-0087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091752361","display_name":"Xiaoming Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3914-0874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["CN","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoming Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452514","display_name":"Hai Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-4349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}],"countries":["CN","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102189673","display_name":"Weibo Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118692353","display_name":"University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bj7sh33","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weibo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, People's Liberation Army University of Science and Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, P.L.A University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068025317"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118692353","https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3546,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62952646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":null,"first_page":"2462","last_page":"2467"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-software-radio-peripheral","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","score":0.8543845415115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8391976356506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.7073681354522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.6831501722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6216387152671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.6086315512657166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-radio","display_name":"Software-defined radio","score":0.5593690276145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.551427960395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.49781298637390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4876910448074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.43310484290122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer","display_name":"Application layer","score":0.42886072397232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4255882203578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.41312333941459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4036935865879059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3305184841156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.28390005230903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1699773669242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.08995243906974792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192220659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245659","display_name":"Universal Software Radio Peripheral","level":3,"score":0.8543845415115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8391976356506348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.7073681354522705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.6831501722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6216387152671814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.6086315512657166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171115542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331892","display_name":"Software-defined radio","level":2,"score":0.5593690276145935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.551427960395813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.49781298637390137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4876910448074341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.43310484290122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.42886072397232056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4255882203578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.41312333941459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4036935865879059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3305184841156006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.28390005230903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1699773669242859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.08995243906974792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214210","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521553548","https://openalex.org/W1860651521","https://openalex.org/W1969459888","https://openalex.org/W2114635596","https://openalex.org/W2133578774","https://openalex.org/W2141300224","https://openalex.org/W2144369278","https://openalex.org/W2150957281","https://openalex.org/W2156813924","https://openalex.org/W2170524206","https://openalex.org/W2296659249","https://openalex.org/W2998218219","https://openalex.org/W6638932293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4251089492","https://openalex.org/W2993899695","https://openalex.org/W2886621694","https://openalex.org/W2540432762","https://openalex.org/W2127011572","https://openalex.org/W1622326982","https://openalex.org/W2354005007","https://openalex.org/W208897493","https://openalex.org/W3123045875","https://openalex.org/W2979617514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,16,28,49,71,127,149,169,177],"past":[2],"few":[3],"decades,":[4],"wireless":[5],"networks":[6,175],"based":[7],"on":[8],"different":[9,155],"standards":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"developed":[13],"quickly,":[14],"and":[15,37,41,77,93,100,118,139,160,167],"coexistence":[17],"of":[18,80,98,129,171,179],"multiple":[19],"communication":[20],"systems":[21],"has":[22],"turned":[23],"into":[24],"reality.":[25],"Due":[26],"to":[27,55,89],"need":[29],"for":[30],"mobile":[31],"computing":[32],"or":[33],"pervasive":[34],"computing,":[35],"quick":[36],"accurate":[38],"protocol":[39,59],"identification":[40],"analysis":[42],"technology":[43],"is":[44,123],"required.":[45],"Rather":[46],"than":[47],"employing":[48],"traditional":[50],"demodulation-based":[51],"method":[52,97,112],"that":[53,85,148],"requires":[54],"implement":[56,133],"all":[57],"known":[58],"modules":[60],"in":[61,65,73,116,173],"one":[62],"single":[63],"device,":[64],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68,132],"fully":[69],"analyze":[70],"features":[72],"both":[74],"time":[75,180],"domain":[76,79,165,181],"frequency":[78,164],"physical":[81],"(PHY)":[82],"layer":[83,108],"signals":[84,109,156],"can":[86,113,151],"be":[87,114],"used":[88,115],"describe":[90],"a":[91,95,134],"protocol,":[92],"present":[94],"new":[96],"identifying":[99],"analyzing":[101],"protocols":[102],"without":[103],"demodulation,":[104],"which":[105],"uses":[106],"PHY":[107],"only.":[110],"This":[111],"battlefield":[117],"other":[119],"situations":[120],"where":[121],"demodulation":[122],"impractical.":[124],"To":[125],"validate":[126],"feasibility":[128],"our":[130],"method,":[131],"system":[135,150],"using":[136],"GNU":[137],"Radio":[138,142],"Universal":[140],"Software":[141],"Peripheral":[143],"(USRP).":[144],"The":[145],"results":[146],"show":[147],"successfully":[152],"identify":[153],"three":[154],"(including":[157],"Wi-Fi,":[158],"Bluetooth":[159],"Zigbee":[161],"signals)":[162],"with":[163,176],"features,":[166],"detect":[168],"period":[170],"beacons":[172],"Wi-Fi":[174],"help":[178],"features.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}