{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079884384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","title":"2D UWB localization in indoor multipath environment using a joint ToA/DoA technique","display_name":"2D UWB localization in indoor multipath environment using a joint ToA/DoA technique","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079884384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","mag":"2079884384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028837826","display_name":"Z. Irahhauten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109701","display_name":"KPN (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzrk477","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Irahhauten","raw_affiliation_strings":["KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, The Hague, The Netherlands","KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, Maanplein 55, 2516 CK, The Hague, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, The Hague, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, Maanplein 55, 2516 CK, The Hague, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111973248","display_name":"H. Nikookar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Nikookar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science (EEMCS), Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics & Computer Science (EEMCS), Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014145562","display_name":"M. Klepper","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109701","display_name":"KPN (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kzrk477","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Klepper","raw_affiliation_strings":["KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, The Hague, The Netherlands","KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, Maanplein 55, 2516 CK, The Hague, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, The Hague, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KPN, Mobile Innovation Radio, Maanplein 55, 2516 CK, The Hague, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"2253","last_page":"2257"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12024","display_name":"Ultra-Wideband Communications Technology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.8796279430389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7897965908050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.7827215194702148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.7716548442840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5631452202796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.5264440774917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5226016640663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.4609648883342743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.44339612126350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43831345438957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3975105583667755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2453174889087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17454886436462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.15303587913513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11164328455924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07530751824378967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.8796279430389404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7897965908050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.7827215194702148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.7716548442840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5631452202796936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.5264440774917603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5226016640663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4609648883342743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.44339612126350403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43831345438957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3975105583667755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2453174889087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17454886436462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.15303587913513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11164328455924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07530751824378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2012.6214168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321012","display_name":"Technische Universiteit Delft","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524791625","https://openalex.org/W1859564501","https://openalex.org/W2012462772","https://openalex.org/W2086335827","https://openalex.org/W2094277237","https://openalex.org/W2096169224","https://openalex.org/W2115786899","https://openalex.org/W2127744107","https://openalex.org/W2133085864","https://openalex.org/W2135376834","https://openalex.org/W2140088636","https://openalex.org/W2162430191","https://openalex.org/W2378453789","https://openalex.org/W2533001766","https://openalex.org/W2537891280","https://openalex.org/W2540697105","https://openalex.org/W2542853094","https://openalex.org/W2544110504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2258106632","https://openalex.org/W2900608567","https://openalex.org/W2786742173","https://openalex.org/W1977989201","https://openalex.org/W2770110807","https://openalex.org/W2000433025","https://openalex.org/W2954228414","https://openalex.org/W4384927734","https://openalex.org/W2215607475","https://openalex.org/W2087203524"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"2D":[1,114],"UWB":[2,95],"localization":[3,41,52,73,115,137],"technique":[4,53,81,130,138,187],"based":[5],"on":[6],"joint":[7,31],"ToA/DoA":[8],"in":[9,38,97,146],"indoor":[10,99],"dense":[11,98],"multipath":[12,100],"environment":[13,101],"is":[14,23,131,209],"proposed.":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"method,":[18],"direction":[19],"of":[20,27,33,42,70,84,127,148,193],"arrival":[21,28],"(DoA)":[22],"estimated":[24],"from":[25],"time":[26,94],"(ToA).":[29],"The":[30,109,144,206],"usage":[32],"ToA":[34,136,155],"and":[35,200,213,217],"DoA":[36],"results":[37,110],"an":[39,61,189],"accurate":[40,113],"the":[43,50,67,71,78,90,120,124,128,134,154,159,163,167,169,185],"mobile":[44],"node":[45],"(MN).":[46],"Unlike":[47],"conventional":[48],"methods,":[49],"proposed":[51,72,91,121,129,160,170,186],"needs":[54],"only":[55],"one":[56],"access":[57],"point":[58],"(AP)":[59],"with":[60],"array":[62],"structure.":[63],"This":[64],"consequently":[65],"eases":[66],"synchronization":[68],"requirement":[69],"scheme":[74,161,171],"when":[75],"compared":[76,132],"to":[77,133],"classical":[79,135],"ToA-based":[80],"requiring":[82],"3":[83,142],"more":[85,140],"synchronized":[86],"APs.":[87,143],"To":[88],"verify":[89],"method":[92,156],"real":[93],"measurements":[96],"covering":[102],"2-6":[103],"GHz":[104],"band":[105],"were":[106],"carried":[107],"out.":[108],"show":[111,152],"that":[112,153],"can":[116],"be":[117],"achieved":[118],"using":[119,139],"scheme.":[122],"Furthermore,":[123],"accuracy":[125],"performance":[126],"than":[141,195,211],"results,":[145],"terms":[147],"average":[149,180,190],"range":[150,181,191],"error,":[151],"slightly":[157],"outperforms":[158],"for":[162,166,198,203,215],"LOS.":[164],"However,":[165],"NLOS":[168,204,218],"always":[172],"provides":[173,188],"a":[174],"better":[175],"position":[176],"estimation":[177],"(i.e.":[178],"less":[179,194,210],"error).":[182],"For":[183],"instance,":[184],"error":[192,208],"2.3":[196],"cm":[197,202],"LOS":[199,216],"12.3":[201],"situations.":[205],"angular":[207],"0.5\u00b0":[212],"1.48\u00b0":[214],"scenarios,":[219],"respectively.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}