{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2048605394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","title":"Design Criteria of Uniform Circular Array for Multi-User MIMO in Rural Areas","display_name":"Design Criteria of Uniform Circular Array for Multi-User MIMO in Rural Areas","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2048605394","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","mag":"2048605394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073263665","display_name":"Hajime Suzuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hajime Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086674802","display_name":"Douglas B. Hayman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8984-5517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas B. Hayman","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052289637","display_name":"Joseph Pathikulangara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3237-5873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Pathikulangara","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033728735","display_name":"Iain B. Collings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-2601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iain B. Collings","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100345092","display_name":"Zhuo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9011-7928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062707445","display_name":"Rodney Kendall","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128581","display_name":"Information and Communication Technologies Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/034x2fx50","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210128581","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney Kendall","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia",", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I4210128581"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", CSIRO ICT Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7655,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85856914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5722223520278931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5372568964958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5045603513717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5003819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.45021727681159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.44853031635284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35209280252456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23357540369033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2050112783908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.19023004174232483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5722223520278931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5372568964958191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5045603513717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5003819465637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.45021727681159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.44853031635284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35209280252456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23357540369033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2050112783908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.19023004174232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2010.5506754","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326972","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583933617","https://openalex.org/W1978315811","https://openalex.org/W2056893085","https://openalex.org/W2080668369","https://openalex.org/W2098126478","https://openalex.org/W2107933804","https://openalex.org/W2116295287","https://openalex.org/W2156615693","https://openalex.org/W2164664877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W4388081250","https://openalex.org/W3013692990","https://openalex.org/W2400319883","https://openalex.org/W3110694720","https://openalex.org/W2036271115","https://openalex.org/W2585623765","https://openalex.org/W3188630320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"multi-user":[1],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(MU-MIMO)":[4],"is":[5,76,90],"applied":[6],"to":[7],"predominantly":[8],"line-of-sight":[9],"(LoS)":[10],"environments,":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13,92],"in":[14,21,84],"the":[15,56,65,74,96,99,126],"case":[16],"of":[17,58,67,95,101,125,137],"fixed":[18],"wireless":[19],"access":[20,27],"rural":[22],"areas":[23],"where":[24],"a":[25,53,79,93,120],"central":[26],"point":[28],"(AP)":[29],"equipped":[30,51,77],"with":[31,35,52,78],"an":[32,85],"antenna":[33,40,104,132,138],"array":[34,82],"N":[36,43,107,112,149],"<sub":[37,44,108,113,150,155],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[38,45,109,114,151,156],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">AP</sub>":[39,110,152],"elements":[41,105],"serves":[42],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">UT</sub>":[46,115,157],"user":[47],"terminals":[48],"(UTs)":[49],"each":[50],"single":[54],"antenna,":[55],"problem":[57],"ill-conditioned":[59],"channels":[60],"arises.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63],"investigates":[64],"performance":[66,89,127,141],"zero-forcing":[68],"preceding":[69],"based":[70],"MU-MIMO":[71],"downlink":[72],"when":[73],"AP":[75,102],"uniform":[80],"circular":[81],"(UCA)":[83],"LoS":[86],"environment.":[87],"The":[88,117,140],"analyzed":[91],"function":[94],"spacing":[97,133],"and":[98],"number":[100,136],"UCA":[103],"for":[106,134],"\u2265":[111,153],".":[116,158],"analysis":[118],"reveals":[119],"complex":[121],"yet":[122],"orderly":[123],"pattern":[124],"nulls":[128,142],"indicating":[129],"different":[130,135],"optimal":[131],"elements.":[139],"can":[143],"be":[144],"largely":[145],"eliminated":[146],"by":[147],"employing":[148],"2N":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
