{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129446512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","title":"Routing and Relay Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks Powered by Ambient Energy Harvesting","display_name":"Routing and Relay Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks Powered by Ambient Energy Harvesting","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129446512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","mag":"2129446512"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111930878","display_name":"Zhi Ang Eu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Ang Eu","raw_affiliation_strings":["NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101873958","display_name":"Hwee-Pink Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8279-1429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hwee-Pink Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Networking Protocols Department, Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Networking Protocols Department, Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networking Protocols Department, Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networking Protocols Department, Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036767777","display_name":"Winston K.G. Seah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-5167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winston K. G. Seah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Networking Protocols Department, Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","Networking Protocols Department, Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networking Protocols Department, Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Networking Protocols Department, Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11230","display_name":"Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7251993417739868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6598455905914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6576513648033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.645279049873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-routing","display_name":"Geographic routing","score":0.485000342130661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.4681641757488251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.446164071559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.43783313035964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.4271533191204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goodput","display_name":"Goodput","score":0.41594892740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.41543883085250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.4104241728782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.36710917949676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3515591025352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.33057862520217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3204876780509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.3191456198692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.26978302001953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18109697103500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1619507372379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12106716632843018}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7251993417739868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6598455905914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6576513648033142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.645279049873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50558702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535067","display_name":"Geographic routing","level":5,"score":0.485000342130661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.4681641757488251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.446164071559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43783313035964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.4271533191204071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94022561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172393","display_name":"Goodput","level":4,"score":0.41594892740249634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.41543883085250854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.4104241728782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.36710917949676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3515591025352478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.33057862520217896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3204876780509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3191456198692322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.26978302001953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18109697103500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1619507372379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12106716632843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917956","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.161.3855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.161.3855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~winston/papers/WCNC2009-WSN-HEAP.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.407.1841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.407.1841","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www1.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/~hptan/publications/WCNC2009Final.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028240250","https://openalex.org/W2060556821","https://openalex.org/W2063939750","https://openalex.org/W2077588235","https://openalex.org/W2089558473","https://openalex.org/W2107861032","https://openalex.org/W2129589778","https://openalex.org/W2140104285","https://openalex.org/W2162289027","https://openalex.org/W3145900515"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2246654446","https://openalex.org/W1890243212","https://openalex.org/W2110333561","https://openalex.org/W2398904817","https://openalex.org/W2160189149","https://openalex.org/W2620451430","https://openalex.org/W2163375631","https://openalex.org/W2187498136","https://openalex.org/W2546672549","https://openalex.org/W2185276177"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"consumption":[1],"is":[2,134],"an":[3,135],"important":[4],"issue":[5],"in":[6,26],"the":[7,55,75,128,148,159],"design":[8],"of":[9,38,77,81,138,161],"wireless":[10,42,65,170],"sensor":[11,43,66,171],"networks":[12,44,67,172],"which":[13],"typically":[14],"rely":[15,174],"on":[16,169,176],"nonrenewable":[17],"energy":[18,28,39,71,178],"sources":[19],"like":[20],"batteries":[21],"for":[22,40,64,180],"power.":[23,181],"Recent":[24],"advances":[25],"ambient":[27,70,177],"harvesting":[29,179],"technologies":[30],"have":[31],"made":[32],"it":[33],"a":[34,97],"viable":[35],"alternative":[36],"source":[37,110],"powering":[41],"perpetually.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"paper,":[48],"we":[49],"optimize":[50],"network":[51,105],"performance":[52,76,102,150],"by":[53,69],"finding":[54],"optimal":[56,136],"routing":[57,83,139,162],"algorithm":[58,140],"and":[59,85,96,120,141,164],"relay":[60,88,142,165],"node":[61,89,143,166],"placement":[62,90,144,167],"scheme":[63,145],"powered":[68],"harvesting.":[72],"We":[73],"evaluate":[74],"three":[78],"different":[79],"variants":[80],"geographic":[82],"algorithms":[84,163],"consider":[86],"two":[87],"schemes,":[91],"viz.":[92],"uniform":[93],"string":[94,99],"topology":[95],"cluster":[98],"topology.":[100],"The":[101],"metrics":[103],"are":[104],"throughput":[106],"(T),":[107],"goodput":[108],"(G),":[109],"sending":[111],"rate":[112],"(SR),":[113],"efficiency":[114],"(eta),":[115],"data":[116],"delivery":[117],"ratio":[118],"(DR)":[119],"hop":[121],"count":[122],"(H).":[123],"Simulation":[124],"results":[125,153],"obtained":[126],"using":[127],"Qualnet":[129],"simulator":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132,146,173],"there":[133],"combination":[137],"maximizes":[147],"required":[149],"metric.":[151],"These":[152],"aim":[154],"to":[155],"provide":[156],"insights":[157],"into":[158],"impact":[160],"schemes":[168],"solely":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
