{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116577850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","title":"Combined AOA and TOA NLOS Localization With Nonlinear Programming in Severe Multipath Environments","display_name":"Combined AOA and TOA NLOS Localization With Nonlinear Programming in Severe Multipath Environments","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116577850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","mag":"2116577850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013565299","display_name":"Victoria Ying Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","[Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042601939","display_name":"Albert Kai-Sun Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7923-5854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Kai-Sun Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","[Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR China]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8354,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9594443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9695725440979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-arrival","display_name":"Angle of arrival","score":0.7869194746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.777727484703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7634508609771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.7247382402420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.6648982167243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5588036179542542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.499025821685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.4851251542568207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.459448903799057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45924806594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.27450329065322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21385955810546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18283310532569885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1307317018508911}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9695725440979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13545353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4763363","display_name":"Angle of arrival","level":3,"score":0.7869194746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.777727484703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7634508609771729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.7247382402420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.6648982167243958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5588036179542542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.499025821685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.4851251542568207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.459448903799057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45924806594848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.27450329065322876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21385955810546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18283310532569885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1307317018508911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2009.4917631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.466.3223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.466.3223","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://imu-based-navigation-system.googlecode.com/svn-history/r164/branches/EndNote/ChonJohn.Data/PDF/combined_aoa_and_toa-0405019150/combined_aoa_and_toa.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-27505","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-27505","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525082254","https://openalex.org/W1564808380","https://openalex.org/W2017982824","https://openalex.org/W2035188723","https://openalex.org/W2097619736","https://openalex.org/W2113065846","https://openalex.org/W2113638573","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2122021759","https://openalex.org/W2125172345","https://openalex.org/W2125865463","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2128213921","https://openalex.org/W2130137998","https://openalex.org/W2138114662","https://openalex.org/W2140603325","https://openalex.org/W2153587859","https://openalex.org/W2171029749","https://openalex.org/W6674924414","https://openalex.org/W6680921734"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2215607475","https://openalex.org/W2090958333","https://openalex.org/W2784460138","https://openalex.org/W3083484244","https://openalex.org/W2055784363","https://openalex.org/W2047918636","https://openalex.org/W2028203579","https://openalex.org/W1995685498","https://openalex.org/W2185187882","https://openalex.org/W2003817535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,72],"novel":[4],"nonlinear":[5],"programming":[6],"(NLP)":[7],"approach":[8,60,64],"for":[9],"non-line-of-sight":[10],"(NLOS)":[11],"localization":[12,92],"in":[13],"severe":[14],"multipath":[15],"environments":[16],"is":[17],"proposed.":[18],"It":[19],"leverages":[20],"on":[21],"the":[22,26,32,40,45,51,69,86,91],"bidirectional":[23],"estimation":[24],"of":[25,28,34,37],"angle":[27],"arrival":[29,35],"(AOA)":[30],"and":[31,44,49,62,68],"time":[33],"(TOA)":[36],"signals":[38],"between":[39],"mobile":[41],"station":[42],"(MS)":[43],"reference":[46],"stations":[47],"(RSs),":[48],"has":[50],"ability":[52],"to":[53,75],"work":[54],"with":[55,79],"just":[56],"two":[57],"paths.":[58],"Basic":[59],"(BA)":[61],"extended":[63],"(EA)":[65],"are":[66],"addressed,":[67],"latter":[70],"employs":[71],"simple":[73],"method":[74],"identify":[76],"one-bound":[77,99],"path":[78],"high":[80],"probability.":[81],"Simulation":[82],"results":[83],"illustrate":[84],"that":[85],"proposed":[87],"algorithm":[88],"can":[89],"improve":[90],"accuracy":[93],"greatly,":[94],"especially":[95],"when":[96],"only":[97],"few":[98],"scattering":[100],"paths":[101],"exist.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
