{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2125172345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","title":"A comparison of wireless geolocation algorithms in the indoor environment","display_name":"A comparison of wireless geolocation algorithms in the indoor environment","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2125172345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","mag":"2125172345"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082587988","display_name":"Muzaffer Kanaan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4510-8392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302485747","display_name":"Verizon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02vdyxx64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302485747"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Kanaan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Verizon Communications, Technology Organization, Waltham, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Verizon Communications, Technology Organization, Waltham, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302485747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009247867","display_name":"Kaveh Pahlavan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-586X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Pahlavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Wireless Information Network Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Wireless Information Network Studies, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"177","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.9527661800384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7243526577949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.691006600856781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6683610677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6436320543289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.5778710842132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.5726866126060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5060834288597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4676707983016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.38821932673454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2895733416080475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18871599435806274}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.9527661800384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7243526577949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.691006600856781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6683610677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6436320543289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.5778710842132568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.5726866126060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5060834288597107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4676707983016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38821932673454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2895733416080475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18871599435806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2004.1311539","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8733)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307819","display_name":"Verizon","ror":"https://ror.org/02vdyxx64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077658674","https://openalex.org/W2099894364","https://openalex.org/W2120439575","https://openalex.org/W2130945928","https://openalex.org/W2138114662","https://openalex.org/W2165801332","https://openalex.org/W2170048674","https://openalex.org/W3012317737","https://openalex.org/W4212997115","https://openalex.org/W6680180264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W2163194970","https://openalex.org/W4307436769","https://openalex.org/W4250237313","https://openalex.org/W1994048345","https://openalex.org/W2125440076","https://openalex.org/W2539771124","https://openalex.org/W2059816400","https://openalex.org/W2028707555","https://openalex.org/W2034445209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,75],"quantitative":[4],"comparison":[5],"of":[6,33,61,69],"various":[7],"geolocation":[8],"algorithms":[9,44,63],"for":[10,19],"the":[11,26,31,40,59,67,70],"indoor":[12,27,71],"wireless":[13],"environment.":[14],"Using":[15],"models":[16],"recently":[17],"developed":[18],"time-of-arrival":[20],"(TOA)":[21],"distance":[22],"measurement":[23],"errors":[24],"in":[25,45,64],"environment,":[28],"we":[29],"characterize":[30],"performance":[32,60],"standard":[34],"least-square":[35],"(LS),":[36],"closest-neighbor":[37],"(CN),":[38],"and":[39,51],"residual":[41],"weighting":[42],"(RWGH)":[43],"line-of-sight":[46],"(LOS),":[47],"obstructed":[48],"LOS":[49],"(OLOS),":[50],"mixed":[52],"LOS/OLOS":[53],"channel":[54],"conditions.":[55],"We":[56],"also":[57],"evaluate":[58],"these":[62],"relation":[65],"to":[66,78],"size":[68],"area":[72],"over":[73],"which":[74],"user":[76],"is":[77],"be":[79],"located.":[80]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}