{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943067474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","title":"City Classification from Multiple Real-World Sound Scenes","display_name":"City Classification from Multiple Real-World Sound Scenes","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943067474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","mag":"2943067474"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (WASPAA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.00979","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031962033","display_name":"Helen L. Bear","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-536X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Helen L. Bear","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of EECS, Queen Mary University of London, UK","Queen Mary University of London,School of EECS,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Queen Mary University of London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London,School of EECS,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059929826","display_name":"Toni Heittola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8855-0415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toni Heittola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079981416","display_name":"Annamaria Mesaros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6640-9752"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annamaria Mesaros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084672392","display_name":"Emmanouil Benetos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanouil Benetos","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of EECS, Queen Mary University of London, UK","Queen Mary University of London,School of EECS,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of EECS, Queen Mary University of London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London,School of EECS,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049691461","display_name":"Tuomas Virtanen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-9729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuomas Virtanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Processing Department, Tampere University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tampere University,Signal Processing Department,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031962033"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3339,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53761412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11665","display_name":"Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1309","display_name":"Developmental Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7504523992538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6967300176620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6340678930282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5852990746498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5639218688011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5582467913627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5196524858474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.51715487241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.497344046831131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.47236257791519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4574931561946869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3534061908721924}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7504523992538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6967300176620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6340678930282593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5852990746498108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5639218688011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5582467913627625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5196524858474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.51715487241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.497344046831131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.47236257791519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4574931561946869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3534061908721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/waspaa.2019.8937271","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics (WASPAA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.00979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.00979","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.00979","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2943067474","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.00979v2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:qmro.qmul.ac.uk:123456789/59069","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/59069","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400530","display_name":"Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","host_organization_name":"Queen Mary University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceeding"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/215763","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/215763","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.00979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.00979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.00979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.00979","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.00979","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1361938442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1944538486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/R01891X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4189909881","display_name":"Integrating sound and context recognition for acoustic scene analysis","funder_award_id":"EP/R01891X/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943067474.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943067474.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1650531274","https://openalex.org/W2137561966","https://openalex.org/W2165409492","https://openalex.org/W2341412280","https://openalex.org/W2619623002","https://openalex.org/W2758074877","https://openalex.org/W2759976799","https://openalex.org/W2883935097","https://openalex.org/W2888678380","https://openalex.org/W2893908923","https://openalex.org/W2942146535","https://openalex.org/W2963194681","https://openalex.org/W2963475812","https://openalex.org/W2972581694","https://openalex.org/W6636898527","https://openalex.org/W6752516136","https://openalex.org/W6755580665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156935079","https://openalex.org/W1558349653","https://openalex.org/W3200294180","https://openalex.org/W1837649128","https://openalex.org/W2889626218","https://openalex.org/W2561741492","https://openalex.org/W2605147985","https://openalex.org/W2913521523","https://openalex.org/W2953349900","https://openalex.org/W2967870022","https://openalex.org/W2403062601","https://openalex.org/W3021321555","https://openalex.org/W2973570544","https://openalex.org/W2767868154","https://openalex.org/W2403009109","https://openalex.org/W2269548449","https://openalex.org/W2987008042","https://openalex.org/W2572644365","https://openalex.org/W2952809312","https://openalex.org/W1959000896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"majority":[1],"of":[2,10,25,37,87,102,119,137,166,199],"sound":[3,19,103],"scene":[4,16,145,181],"analysis":[5],"work":[6],"focuses":[7],"on":[8,155],"one":[9],"two":[11],"clearly":[12],"defined":[13],"tasks:":[14],"acoustic":[15,144],"classification":[17,90,146,182],"or":[18,78],"event":[20],"detection.":[21],"Whilst":[22],"this":[23,81,106,122],"separation":[24],"tasks":[26],"is":[27,140],"useful":[28],"for":[29,121],"problem":[30,107,189],"definition,":[31],"they":[32,47],"inherently":[33],"ignore":[34],"some":[35],"subtleties":[36],"the":[38,54,85,143,150,156,163,179,188,202],"real-world,":[39],"in":[40,45,149,190],"particular":[41],"how":[42,46],"humans":[43],"vary":[44],"describe":[48,53],"a":[49,63,97,100,117,128,191],"scene.":[50],"Some":[51],"will":[52,61,71],"weather":[55],"and":[56,68,125,195],"features":[57],"within":[58],"it,":[59],"others":[60,69],"use":[62,72],"holistic":[64],"descriptor":[65],"like":[66],"`park',":[67],"still":[70],"unique":[73],"identifiers":[74],"such":[75],"as":[76],"cities":[77],"names.":[79],"In":[80,105],"paper,":[82],"we":[83,94,185],"undertake":[84],"task":[86,124,147],"automatic":[88],"city":[89,98,109,168],"to":[91,162,175,178],"ask":[92],"whether":[93],"can":[95,134],"recognize":[96],"from":[99,112],"set":[101],"scenes?":[104],"each":[108],"has":[110],"recordings":[111],"multiple":[113],"scenes.":[114],"We":[115],"test":[116],"series":[118],"methods":[120],"novel":[123],"show":[126],"that":[127],"simple":[129,160],"convolutional":[130],"neural":[131],"network":[132],"(CNN)":[133],"achieve":[135,196],"accuracy":[136,173,198],"50%.":[138],"This":[139],"less":[141],"than":[142],"baseline":[148],"DCASE":[151],"2018":[152],"ASC":[153],"challenge":[154],"same":[157],"data.":[158],"A":[159],"adaptation":[161],"class":[164],"labels":[165,169],"pairing":[167],"with":[170],"grouped":[171],"scenes,":[172],"increases":[174],"52%,":[176],"closer":[177],"simpler":[180],"task.":[183],"Finally":[184],"also":[186],"formulate":[187],"multi-task":[192],"learning":[193],"framework":[194],"an":[197],"56%,":[200],"outperforming":[201],"aforementioned":[203],"approaches.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}