{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991264156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","title":"Beyond PASCAL: A benchmark for 3D object detection in the wild","display_name":"Beyond PASCAL: A benchmark for 3D object detection in the wild","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991264156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","mag":"1991264156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918690","display_name":"IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision","issn_l":"2472-6737","issn":["2472-6737"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101426810","display_name":"Xiang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-5131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan","University of Michigan , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070375939","display_name":"Roozbeh Mottaghi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roozbeh Mottaghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University","Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042646536","display_name":"Silvio Savarese","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvio Savarese","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University","Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University - USA >  >  >  >","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":800,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"75","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pascal","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","score":0.8968368768692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7969086766242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.7774544954299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7602300643920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.7248980402946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7132590413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6776973605155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5526396632194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4698556661605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.457922101020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4288170337677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08451962471008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.06375658512115479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75608658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44395","display_name":"Pascal (unit)","level":2,"score":0.8968368768692017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7969086766242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.7774544954299927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7602300643920898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.7248980402946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7132590413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6776973605155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5526396632194519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4698556661605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.457922101020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4288170337677002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08451962471008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.06375658512115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2014.6836101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918690","display_name":"IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision","issn_l":"2472-6737","issn":["2472-6737"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125693051","https://openalex.org/W1832500336","https://openalex.org/W1964201035","https://openalex.org/W1964725035","https://openalex.org/W1985238052","https://openalex.org/W1991544872","https://openalex.org/W1992969267","https://openalex.org/W2017814585","https://openalex.org/W2031489346","https://openalex.org/W2065090505","https://openalex.org/W2071634722","https://openalex.org/W2098883970","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2112074816","https://openalex.org/W2122612384","https://openalex.org/W2123456673","https://openalex.org/W2128942651","https://openalex.org/W2131225894","https://openalex.org/W2144794286","https://openalex.org/W2145169631","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2156222070","https://openalex.org/W2162440713","https://openalex.org/W2166049352","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2180017599","https://openalex.org/W6605121731","https://openalex.org/W6638601408","https://openalex.org/W6666828453","https://openalex.org/W6676297131","https://openalex.org/W6677862510","https://openalex.org/W6683562173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964084369","https://openalex.org/W3177249605","https://openalex.org/W4376620596","https://openalex.org/W2534152068","https://openalex.org/W4299545679","https://openalex.org/W4287991909","https://openalex.org/W1972515067","https://openalex.org/W1689909837","https://openalex.org/W4293054914","https://openalex.org/W2549121492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,40,73,91,114,139],"object":[1,32,74,124,169],"detection":[2,75,140,170],"and":[3,21,69,76,116,141,144,171],"pose":[4,77,142],"estimation":[5,143,173],"methods":[6],"have":[7],"become":[8],"popular":[9],"in":[10,18,55,152,174],"recent":[11],"years":[12],"since":[13],"they":[14],"can":[15,178],"handle":[16],"ambiguities":[17],"2D":[19,31],"images":[20,49,95,105],"also":[22],"provide":[23,133,156],"a":[24,45,67,134],"richer":[25],"description":[26],"for":[27,39,72,98,168,183],"objects":[28],"compared":[29,110],"to":[30,44,111,137,147],"detectors.":[33],"However,":[34],"most":[35],"of":[36,48,84,159,161],"the":[37,85,112,157,184],"datasets":[38],"recognition":[41],"are":[42,53,96,120],"limited":[43],"small":[46],"amount":[47],"per":[50,126],"category":[51,100],"or":[52],"captured":[54],"controlled":[56],"environments.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59,130,153],"paper,":[60],"we":[61],"contribute":[62],"PASCAL3D+":[63,79,104],"dataset,":[64],"which":[65,177],"is":[66,188],"novel":[68],"challenging":[70],"dataset":[71,131,167],"estimation.":[78],"augments":[80],"12":[81],"rigid":[82],"categories":[83],"PASCAL":[86],"VOC":[87],"2012":[88],"[4]":[89],"with":[90],"annotations.":[92],"Furthermore,":[93],"more":[94,108,121],"added":[97],"each":[99],"from":[101],"ImageNet":[102],"[3].":[103],"exhibit":[106],"much":[107],"variability":[109],"existing":[113],"datasets,":[115],"on":[117,164],"average":[118],"there":[119],"than":[122],"3,000":[123],"instances":[125],"category.":[127],"We":[128,155],"believe":[129],"will":[132,145],"rich":[135],"testbed":[136],"study":[138],"help":[146],"significantly":[148],"push":[149],"forward":[150],"research":[151],"area.":[154],"results":[158],"variations":[160],"DPM":[162],"[6]":[163],"our":[165],"new":[166],"viewpoint":[172],"different":[175],"scenarios,":[176],"be":[179],"used":[180],"as":[181],"baselines":[182],"community.":[185],"Our":[186],"benchmark":[187],"available":[189],"online":[190],"at":[191],"http://cvgl.stanford.edu/projects/pascal3d.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":99},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":114},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":115},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":99},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
