{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142480614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","title":"Bimodal information analysis for emotion recognition","display_name":"Bimodal information analysis for emotion recognition","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142480614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","mag":"2142480614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/td96k3017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082684563","display_name":"Malika Meghjani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-3142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Malika Meghjani","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill University, Canada","McGill University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109219829","display_name":"Frank P. Ferrie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Ferrie","raw_affiliation_strings":["McGill University, Canada","McGill University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075441381","display_name":"Gregory Dudek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory Dudek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and School of Computer Science, McGill University, Canada","McGill University, School of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and School of Computer Science, McGill University, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McGill University, School of Computer Science, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082684563"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5028,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84350061,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7730422019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.7396968603134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6095711588859558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"Disgust","score":0.6051971912384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5978147387504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surprise","display_name":"Surprise","score":0.5419429540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5327285528182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5240012407302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition","display_name":"Emotion recognition","score":0.48891010880470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.47003811597824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4630909264087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.4521591067314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.42135393619537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.4068695902824402}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7730422019958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.7396968603134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6095711588859558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777375102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208351","display_name":"Disgust","level":3,"score":0.6051971912384033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5978147387504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780343955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333173","display_name":"Surprise","level":2,"score":0.5419429540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5327285528182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5240012407302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777438025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339090","display_name":"Emotion recognition","level":2,"score":0.48891010880470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.47003811597824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4630909264087677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.4521591067314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.42135393619537354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.4068695902824402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2009.5403035","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.mcgill.ca:hx11xf68m","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/hx11xf68m","pdf_url":"http://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/td96k3017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401568","display_name":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","host_organization_name":"McGill University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.82308/44443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14905/110186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"https://vocabularies.coar-repositories.org/resource_types/c_46ec/"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.167.4864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.167.4864","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cim.mcgill.ca/%7Emrl/pubs/malika/WACV2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:QMM.86954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402307","display_name":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2802286613","host_organization_name":"Government of Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802286613"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitool.library.mcgill.ca:86954","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86954","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401568","display_name":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","host_organization_name":"McGill University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"},{"id":"doi:10.82308/44443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.82308/44443","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.mcgill.ca:hx11xf68m","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/hx11xf68m","pdf_url":"http://escholarship.mcgill.ca/downloads/td96k3017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401568","display_name":"eScholarship@McGill (McGill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","host_organization_name":"McGill University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2142480614.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2142480614.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47265595","https://openalex.org/W129332382","https://openalex.org/W175750906","https://openalex.org/W1185334827","https://openalex.org/W1549656520","https://openalex.org/W1569534989","https://openalex.org/W1578856370","https://openalex.org/W1593008457","https://openalex.org/W1601218598","https://openalex.org/W1606749791","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1639104589","https://openalex.org/W1749992802","https://openalex.org/W1760863262","https://openalex.org/W1815942593","https://openalex.org/W1825415099","https://openalex.org/W1992909041","https://openalex.org/W2018958905","https://openalex.org/W2032254851","https://openalex.org/W2103108187","https://openalex.org/W2106115875","https://openalex.org/W2110052520","https://openalex.org/W2115289180","https://openalex.org/W2115941714","https://openalex.org/W2124225314","https://openalex.org/W2125127226","https://openalex.org/W2126672039","https://openalex.org/W2127429655","https://openalex.org/W2129749203","https://openalex.org/W2140494000","https://openalex.org/W2140801466","https://openalex.org/W2143350951","https://openalex.org/W2143426320","https://openalex.org/W2154412566","https://openalex.org/W2154716422","https://openalex.org/W2154739180","https://openalex.org/W2156503193","https://openalex.org/W2157297238","https://openalex.org/W2158232862","https://openalex.org/W2162238004","https://openalex.org/W2171880639","https://openalex.org/W2339343773","https://openalex.org/W2911336608","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3213458668","https://openalex.org/W3216401400","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605323077","https://openalex.org/W6635952469","https://openalex.org/W6683197764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238520549","https://openalex.org/W3216173459","https://openalex.org/W2794357331","https://openalex.org/W4242611441","https://openalex.org/W4242034606","https://openalex.org/W4250499761","https://openalex.org/W2519456985","https://openalex.org/W1761974557","https://openalex.org/W2014713986","https://openalex.org/W3214419959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,43,74,119],"present":[1],"a":[2,58,144,161,166],"bimodal":[3,54,116],"information":[4,113],"analysis":[5,17,51],"system":[6,104],"for":[7,61,114],"automatic":[8],"emotion":[9,35,117,135],"recognition.":[10,118],"Our":[11],"approach":[12,157],"is":[13,105,158],"based":[14,70,97,151],"on":[15,152,160,173],"the":[16,45,49,53,63,90,103,110,115,121,132,180],"of":[18,52,66,102],"video":[19],"sequences":[20],"which":[21,80],"combines":[22],"facial":[23],"expressions":[24],"observed":[25],"visually":[26],"with":[27,179],"acoustic":[28],"features":[29,65,79],"to":[30,88,95,130],"automatically":[31],"recognize":[32],"five":[33],"universal":[34],"classes:":[36],"anger,":[37],"disgust,":[38],"happiness,":[39],"sadness":[40],"and":[41,56,68,84,127,148,165],"surprise.":[42],"address":[44],"challenges":[46],"posed":[47,162],"during":[48],"temporal":[50,69],"data":[55],"introduce":[57],"novel":[59],"technique":[60],"combining":[62],"best":[64,181],"instantaneous":[67,98],"visual":[71,78],"recognition":[72,91,136,183],"systems.":[73],"obtain":[75],"robust":[76],"appearance-based":[77],"we":[81],"classify":[82],"instantaneously":[83,141],"aggregate":[85],"it":[86],"temporally":[87],"improve":[89],"rates":[92],"when":[93],"compared":[94],"single-frame":[96],"classification.":[99],"The":[100,138,170],"performance":[101],"further":[106],"boosted":[107],"by":[108],"using":[109,143],"complementary":[111],"audio":[112],"combine":[120],"two":[122],"modalities":[123],"at":[124],"both":[125],"feature":[126],"score":[128],"level":[129],"compare":[131],"respective":[133],"joint":[134],"rates.":[137],"emotions":[139],"are":[140],"classified":[142],"support":[145],"vector":[146],"machine":[147],"sequentially":[149],"aggregated":[150],"their":[153],"classification":[154],"probabilities.":[155],"This":[156],"validated":[159],"audio-visual":[163],"database":[164],"natural":[167],"interactive":[168],"database.":[169],"experiments":[171],"performed":[172],"these":[174],"databases":[175],"provide":[176],"encouraging":[177],"results":[178],"combined":[182],"rate":[184],"being":[185],"82%.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}