{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954702971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","title":"A Contract-Stackelberg Offloading Incentive Mechanism for Vehicular Parked-Edge Computing Networks","display_name":"A Contract-Stackelberg Offloading Incentive Mechanism for Vehicular Parked-Edge Computing Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954702971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","mag":"2954702971"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331391","display_name":"Yuwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-510X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019460168","display_name":"Bo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-8436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750879","display_name":"Zhijie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-6446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhijie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038267080","display_name":"Cailian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6533-8713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cailian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100690710","display_name":"Xinping Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6233-8762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinping Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100331391"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.061,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79084744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.9028685092926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7889149785041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.7663240432739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.7636975646018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.7410910725593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.7323176860809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.562818169593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.5403398275375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.5073801875114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4712921679019928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.46949270367622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.44265249371528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-theory","display_name":"Contract theory","score":0.4362751245498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13191324472427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09883561730384827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.0784389078617096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.9028685092926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7889149785041809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7663240432739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.7636975646018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7410910725593567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.7323176860809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.562818169593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.5403398275375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5073801875114441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4712921679019928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.46949270367622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44265249371528625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79301358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1918846","display_name":"Contract theory","level":2,"score":0.4362751245498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13191324472427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09883561730384827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0784389078617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133425853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60571","display_name":"Neoclassical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1438369732","https://openalex.org/W2005933396","https://openalex.org/W2020596971","https://openalex.org/W2327946727","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2419140611","https://openalex.org/W2511425482","https://openalex.org/W2762990584","https://openalex.org/W2963409843"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W3127808443","https://openalex.org/W2916011811","https://openalex.org/W3034137700","https://openalex.org/W4362496467","https://openalex.org/W3014317926","https://openalex.org/W2917127270","https://openalex.org/W2896883851","https://openalex.org/W3185499500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,45,50,126,145,149,158,161,167],"development":[2],"of":[3,53,117,128,148,160,170],"smart":[4],"vehicles":[5,19],"and":[6,106,131,143,165],"computation-intensive":[7,42],"vehicular":[8,38],"applications,":[9],"it":[10],"is":[11,29,122],"a":[12,30,71,83],"challenge":[13],"to":[14,36,44,89,101,114,124,138],"maintain":[15],"high":[16,34],"performance":[17],"for":[18,152],"with":[20,33],"scarce":[21],"local":[22],"computational":[23,51,64,104],"resources.":[24],"Mobile":[25],"Edge":[26],"Computing":[27,79],"(MEC)":[28],"computing":[31,73],"paradigm":[32],"potential":[35],"improve":[37],"services":[39],"by":[40,76],"offloading":[41,86],"tasks":[43],"MEC":[46,54],"servers.":[47],"However,":[48],"as":[49],"resources":[52,65],"servers":[55],"are":[56,95],"limited,":[57],"parking":[58,107],"lots":[59],"(PLs)":[60],"having":[61],"abundant":[62],"idle":[63,103],"should":[66],"be":[67],"utilized.":[68],"We":[69,81,133],"introduce":[70],"new":[72],"paradigm,":[74],"named":[75],"Vehicular":[77],"Parked-Edge":[78],"(VPEC).":[80],"formulate":[82],"three-stage":[84,141],"contract-stackelberg":[85],"incentive":[87,163],"mechanism":[88,164],"describe":[90],"this":[91,140],"problem.":[92],"The":[93,119],"PLs":[94],"classified":[96],"into":[97],"different":[98,112,115],"types":[99,116],"according":[100],"their":[102],"resources,":[105],"lot":[108],"agent":[109],"(PLA)":[110],"offers":[111],"contracts":[113],"PLs.":[118],"optimal":[120,150,171],"problem":[121],"designed":[123],"maximize":[125],"utilities":[127],"vehicles,":[129],"operator":[130],"PLA.":[132],"use":[134],"backward":[135],"induction":[136],"method":[137],"solve":[139],"problem,":[142],"give":[144],"closed-form":[146],"expressions":[147],"strategies":[151,172],"each":[153,174],"stage.":[154],"Simulation":[155],"results":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"feasibility":[159],"proposed":[162],"reveal":[166],"changing":[168],"trend":[169],"in":[173],"stage":[175],"when":[176],"traffic":[177],"density":[178],"changes.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
