{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954082054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","title":"Realizing an Implementation Platform for Closed Loop Cyber-Physical Systems Using Blockchain","display_name":"Realizing an Implementation Platform for Closed Loop Cyber-Physical Systems Using Blockchain","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954082054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","mag":"2954082054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086532403","display_name":"Abdullah Bin Masood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4474-0011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Bin Masood","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080473845","display_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3042-4050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassaan Khaliq Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032382039","display_name":"Syed Muhammad Danish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2680-8895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Muhammad Danish","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063814563","display_name":"Marios Lestas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8418-6329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38552033","display_name":"Frederick University","ror":"https://ror.org/05d8tf882","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marios Lestas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38552033"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8065235018730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7465634346008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7040926218032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laptop","display_name":"Laptop","score":0.5886811017990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5840603709220886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5320563912391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.4728674590587616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.42655813694000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4164285659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36057502031326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18773722648620605}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8065235018730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7465634346008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7040926218032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780008327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3962","display_name":"Laptop","level":2,"score":0.5886811017990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5840603709220886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5320563912391663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.4728674590587616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.42655813694000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4164285659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36057502031326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18773722648620605}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2019.8746372","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.75,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320366","display_name":"European Cooperation in Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01bstzn19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559136758","https://openalex.org/W2610973746","https://openalex.org/W2775178102","https://openalex.org/W2793346081","https://openalex.org/W2799867512","https://openalex.org/W2803371618","https://openalex.org/W2805676811","https://openalex.org/W2805930283","https://openalex.org/W2809627415","https://openalex.org/W2963507231","https://openalex.org/W2963983602","https://openalex.org/W2964152467","https://openalex.org/W2964273751","https://openalex.org/W6748697694","https://openalex.org/W6752159241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3092702943","https://openalex.org/W4297798448","https://openalex.org/W4388187043","https://openalex.org/W3089038912","https://openalex.org/W4285161539","https://openalex.org/W2982625131","https://openalex.org/W4320715980","https://openalex.org/W3122124622","https://openalex.org/W3150062897","https://openalex.org/W3092627261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber-physical":[0],"Systems":[1],"(CPS)":[2],"comprise":[3],"of":[4,7,23,63,77,108,129,169,187],"a":[5,29,86,95,114,121,133,145,147,152,160],"network":[6,116,163],"physically":[8],"distributed":[9,87,115],"embedded":[10],"sensors":[11],"and":[12,17,45,53,112,151,179,192],"actuators":[13],"equipped":[14],"with":[15],"computational":[16,46],"communication":[18],"capability.":[19],"In":[20,72],"CPS,":[21],"Internet":[22],"Things":[24],"(IoT)":[25],"devices":[26],"communicate":[27],"in":[28,58,60,81,100,110,120,159,172],"trustless":[30],"environment":[31],"as":[32],"the":[33,40,49,61,106,118,127,130,137,173,185,188],"data":[34,171],"can":[35],"be":[36],"compromised":[37],"due":[38],"to":[39],"centralized":[41,78],"database,":[42],"limited":[43],"power":[44],"constraints.":[47],"At":[48],"same":[50],"time,":[51],"reliability":[52],"resiliency":[54],"are":[55,83,157],"key":[56],"concerns":[57],"CPS":[59,82,119,191],"face":[62],"unforeseen":[64],"circumstances,":[65],"often":[66],"emanating":[67],"from":[68],"disaster":[69],"based":[70,89,98],"failures.":[71],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"critical":[75],"issues":[76],"database":[79],"security":[80],"addressed":[84],"via":[85],"blockchain":[88,109,174],"solution.":[90],"The":[91,166],"proposed":[92,131,138],"system":[93],"encompasses":[94],"smart":[96,182],"contract":[97],"framework":[99],"Ethereum":[101],"blockchain.":[102],"It":[103],"further":[104],"explores":[105],"potential":[107],"securing":[111],"offering":[113],"for":[117,136,190],"closed":[122],"loop":[123],"manner.":[124],"To":[125],"demonstrate":[126],"realizability":[128],"framework,":[132],"testbed":[134],"implementation":[135],"idea":[139],"is":[140],"provided.":[141],"A":[142],"desktop":[143],"computer,":[144],"laptop,":[146],"simple":[148],"temperature":[149],"sensor":[150,170],"Light":[153],"Emitting":[154],"Diode":[155],"(LED)":[156],"interfaced":[158],"Peer-to-Peer":[161],"(P2P)":[162],"using":[164],"Ethereum.":[165],"speedy":[167],"transaction":[168],"at":[175],"various":[176,193],"difficulty":[177],"levels":[178],"actuation":[180],"through":[181],"contracts":[183],"enhance":[184],"usability":[186],"platform":[189],"IoT":[194],"applications.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}