{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2465630575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","title":"Stochastic Modeling for Extra Propagation Loss of Tunnel Curve","display_name":"Stochastic Modeling for Extra Propagation Loss of Tunnel Curve","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2465630575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","mag":"2465630575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 83rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103248136","display_name":"Ke Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-2245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["CN","ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETSI y Sistemas de Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETSI y Sistemas de Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100620739","display_name":"Bo Ai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6850-0595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ai","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012250827","display_name":"Ruisi He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4135-3227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruisi He","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350955","display_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-7374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangdui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101420322","display_name":"Xu Ting","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011241163","display_name":"C\u00e9sar Briso-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-9110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88060688","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03n6nwv02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cesar Briso-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETSI y Sistemas de Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETSI y Sistemas de Telecomunicaci\u00f3n Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88060688"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006484852","display_name":"Andrej Hrovat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5220-875X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrej Hrovat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication System, J\u00f8zef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SI, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication System, J\u00f8zef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, SI, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.5591073632240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46113431453704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.34012484550476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1936478316783905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17134308815002441}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5591073632240295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46113431453704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.34012484550476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1936478316783905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17134308815002441}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2016.7504491","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 83rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1894357503","https://openalex.org/W1965542444","https://openalex.org/W1991001411","https://openalex.org/W2008562598","https://openalex.org/W2035846008","https://openalex.org/W2065453024","https://openalex.org/W2075105610","https://openalex.org/W2085165892","https://openalex.org/W2112590078","https://openalex.org/W2116375068","https://openalex.org/W2137978476","https://openalex.org/W2145646122","https://openalex.org/W2151879961","https://openalex.org/W2152070925","https://openalex.org/W2154396831","https://openalex.org/W2154690211","https://openalex.org/W2156731098","https://openalex.org/W2160798798","https://openalex.org/W2171648427","https://openalex.org/W2171814661","https://openalex.org/W2312968414","https://openalex.org/W2536810264","https://openalex.org/W6698542241"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2054109135","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2012819262","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2120224698","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,99,115,121],"the":[2,11,52,56,76,82,94,100,104,117],"extra":[3,57,97],"loss":[4,85,98,102],"resulting":[5],"from":[6],"tunnel":[7,60],"curve,":[8],"most":[9],"of":[10,37,59],"theoretical":[12,118],"models":[13,120],"cannot":[14],"be":[15,90],"directly":[16],"used":[17],"for":[18,29,128],"propagation":[19,30,84,101,119],"inside":[20,86],"curved":[21,38,87,133],"tunnels.":[22,134],"In":[23],"this":[24,80],"paper,extensive":[25],"simulations":[26],"are":[27,65],"made":[28],"at":[31],"different":[32,35],"frequencies":[33],"in":[34,62,79,103,131],"types":[36],"tunnels,":[39],"by":[40,48,71,92],"using":[41],"a":[42,109],"ray-tracing":[43],"simulator":[44],"that":[45],"is":[46],"validated":[47],"numerous":[49],"measurements.":[50],"From":[51],"simulated":[53],"received":[54],"power,":[55],"losses":[58],"curve":[61],"various":[63],"cases":[64],"extracted,":[66],"analyzed,":[67],"and":[68,112,125],"stochastically":[69,95],"modeled":[70],"normal":[72],"distributions.":[73],"Thus,":[74],"with":[75],"parameters":[77],"presented":[78],"paper,":[81],"total":[83],"tunnels":[88],"can":[89],"predicted":[91],"adding":[93],"generated":[96],"straight":[105],"tunnel.":[106],"This":[107],"provides":[108],"fairly":[110],"simple":[111],"effective":[113],"way":[114],"extend":[116],"fulfill":[122],"network":[123],"planning":[124],"system":[126],"design":[127],"communication":[129],"systems":[130],"real":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}