{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1592338079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","title":"Base Station Density Bounded by Maximum Outage Probability in Massive MIMO System","display_name":"Base Station Density Bounded by Maximum Outage Probability in Massive MIMO System","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1592338079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","mag":"1592338079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074833153","display_name":"Xun Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5002-2214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xun Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076566366","display_name":"Gaofeng Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9814-2768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007721722","display_name":"Minghuan Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432932","display_name":"Weidong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-0625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing, P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inf. & Electron. Technol. Lab., Beijing Univ. of Posts & Telecommun., Beijing, , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074833153"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4210153300"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9864,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78387419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8365508913993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.8210272789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.7228089570999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6649154424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.624609112739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5355232954025269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5061802268028259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"Outage probability","score":0.4907878339290619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.4830820858478546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4679402709007263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.45214539766311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34958672523498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3283533453941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.32542508840560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.32487159967422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.16960418224334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.11279770731925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.10807609558105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.06240794062614441}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8365508913993835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.8210272789001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.7228089570999146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6649154424667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.624609112739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5355232954025269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5061802268028259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.4907878339290619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4830820858478546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4679402709007263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.45214539766311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34958672523498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3283533453941345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.32542508840560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.32487159967422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.16960418224334717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.11279770731925964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.10807609558105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.06240794062614441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcspring.2015.7145713","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584764080","https://openalex.org/W1612785869","https://openalex.org/W1994395265","https://openalex.org/W1999509241","https://openalex.org/W2039531842","https://openalex.org/W2048469129","https://openalex.org/W2105476171","https://openalex.org/W2111113050","https://openalex.org/W2121315337","https://openalex.org/W2122658093","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2133685514","https://openalex.org/W2136644341","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2158713580","https://openalex.org/W2160837607","https://openalex.org/W2161275813","https://openalex.org/W3106282754","https://openalex.org/W4206136358","https://openalex.org/W4234629797","https://openalex.org/W6636382992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149569983","https://openalex.org/W2161378541","https://openalex.org/W1872459703","https://openalex.org/W1989270073","https://openalex.org/W2145791432","https://openalex.org/W2041917818","https://openalex.org/W3007343831","https://openalex.org/W2122807322","https://openalex.org/W2534284196","https://openalex.org/W2108756703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30],"base":[1],"station":[2],"(BS)":[3],"density":[4,46,70,104],"influences":[5],"the":[6,58,68,83,86,108],"coverage":[7,59,111],"performance":[8,112],"of":[9,37,89,110],"cellular":[10],"communication":[11],"system.":[12,64,116],"In":[13],"massive":[14,62,114],"multiple":[15,17],"input":[16],"output":[18],"(MIMO)":[19],"system,":[20],"each":[21],"BS":[22,45,69,103],"is":[23,34,76,95],"equipped":[24],"with":[25],"large":[26],"scale":[27],"antenna":[28],"array.":[29],"stochastic":[31],"geometric":[32],"model":[33],"employed":[35],"because":[36],"its":[38],"analytical":[39],"tractability.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"demonstrates":[43],"that":[44,101],"has":[47],"to":[48,56,107],"be":[49],"below":[50],"a":[51],"certain":[52],"bound":[53,88],"in":[54,61,113],"order":[55],"satisfy":[57],"requirement":[60],"MIMO":[63,115],"Closed-form":[65],"expression":[66,84],"for":[67,85],"bounded":[71],"by":[72],"maximum":[73],"outage":[74],"probability":[75],"derived":[77],"using":[78],"Lambert":[79],"W":[80],"function.":[81],"Moreover,":[82],"upper":[87],"successful":[90],"area":[91],"spectral":[92],"efficiency":[93],"(ASE)":[94],"also":[96],"derived.":[97],"Our":[98],"study":[99],"claims":[100],"increasing":[102],"will":[105],"lead":[106],"deterioration":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}