{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2985169778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","title":"Opportunities and Challenges for NR RAT-Dependent Based Positioning","display_name":"Opportunities and Challenges for NR RAT-Dependent Based Positioning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2985169778","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","mag":"2985169778"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063911904","display_name":"Ryan Keating","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8014-4316"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Keating","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103114408","display_name":"Daejung Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6779-7160"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daejung Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401504","display_name":"Tao Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-4043"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059595714","display_name":"Howard Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4510-0246"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6986268758773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6572097539901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5952639579772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5542525053024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.516344428062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5081963539123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.45970141887664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4549824595451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.43936440348625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.43314534425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.43194687366485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-internet","display_name":"Industrial Internet","score":0.41939598321914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4140506088733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4116531014442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3507644534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3465883731842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.3338322937488556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2391294240951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21295776963233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.06860217452049255}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6986268758773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6572097539901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5952639579772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5542525053024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.516344428062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5081963539123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.45970141887664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4549824595451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.43936440348625183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.43314534425735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.43194687366485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202839342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60740481","display_name":"Industrial Internet","level":3,"score":0.41939598321914673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4140506088733673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4116531014442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3507644534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3465883731842041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.3338322937488556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2391294240951538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21295776963233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.06860217452049255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891135","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2002022952","https://openalex.org/W2005685324","https://openalex.org/W2038946940","https://openalex.org/W2156668452","https://openalex.org/W2586626833","https://openalex.org/W2771007124","https://openalex.org/W2805274098","https://openalex.org/W2887110721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W790449367","https://openalex.org/W1482197907","https://openalex.org/W2289314820","https://openalex.org/W2017282549","https://openalex.org/W4302568799","https://openalex.org/W1550567184","https://openalex.org/W2291764513","https://openalex.org/W2950729840","https://openalex.org/W2156248763","https://openalex.org/W2338366266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ability":[1],"of":[2,11,29,135],"nodes":[3],"in":[4,71,76],"a":[5,40],"wireless":[6],"network":[7],"to":[8,15,36,42,53,57,98,107,151],"be":[9,152],"aware":[10],"their":[12],"position":[13],"continues":[14,35],"become":[16],"more":[17],"important":[18],"for":[19,87,128,154],"future":[20,45],"applications":[21],"and":[22,81,113,131,143,167],"use":[23,54,173],"cases":[24,134],"like":[25],"the":[26,67,83,114,125,144,163],"Industrial":[27],"Internet":[28],"Things.":[30],"Positioning":[31],"using":[32],"cellular":[33,55],"networks":[34,56],"draw":[37],"attention":[38],"as":[39],"means":[41],"realize":[43],"those":[44,62],"applications.":[46],"New":[47],"Radio":[48],"(NR)":[49],"provides":[50],"many":[51],"opportunities":[52],"incorporate":[58],"positioning":[59,146],"solutions":[60,69,97,147],"into":[61],"networks.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"paper":[66],"RAT-dependent":[68],"expected":[70],"NR":[72,136,155],"Rel-16":[73],"are":[74,101,121,149],"discussed":[75],"detail.":[77],"We":[78,138,157],"highlight":[79],"OTDOA":[80,140,160],"describe":[82],"major":[84],"roadblocks":[85,100],"remaining":[86],"achieving":[88],"higher":[89],"accuracy":[90],"positioning.":[91,137],"UTDOA":[92,142],"is":[93],"also":[94,169],"discussed.":[95],"Novel":[96],"some":[99,171],"presented":[102,122],"including":[103],"system":[104],"level":[105,119],"proposals":[106],"time":[108],"synchronization":[109],"between":[110],"base":[111],"stations":[112],"uplink":[115],"hearability":[116],"problem.":[117],"System":[118],"simulations":[120],"which":[123],"demonstrate":[124],"high":[126],"potential":[127],"both":[129],"regulatory":[130],"commercial":[132,172],"uses":[133],"compare":[139],"with":[141],"other":[145],"that":[148,159],"likely":[150],"standardized":[153],"Rel-16.":[156],"show":[158],"can":[161],"meet":[162,170],"FCC":[164],"E911":[165],"requirements":[166],"may":[168],"case":[174],"requirements.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}