{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2939884645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","title":"An Energy-conserving Depth-Based Layering MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks","display_name":"An Energy-conserving Depth-Based Layering MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2939884645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","mag":"2939884645"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006838870","display_name":"Faisal Abdulaziz Alfouzan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1674-4955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Alfouzan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011632163","display_name":"Alireza Shahrabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-0617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Shahrabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063136782","display_name":"Seyed Mohammad Ghoreyshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8048-0213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Mohammad Ghoreyshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078225046","display_name":"Tuleen Boutaleb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7281-9192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuleen Boutaleb","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5229,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93517952,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8340830206871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7231899499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.668969988822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-delay","display_name":"Propagation delay","score":0.6352248787879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5960841774940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5935471653938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5363169312477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.529455840587616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layering","display_name":"Layering","score":0.5054571628570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.48678871989250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.48629578948020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4803687036037445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.47416865825653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.45356249809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42976123094558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capture-effect","display_name":"Capture effect","score":0.4275643229484558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.4218844175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.190182626247406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1103372871875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10527938604354858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8340830206871033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7231899499893188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.668969988822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.6352248787879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5960841774940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5935471653938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5363169312477112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.529455840587616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176055353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402114","display_name":"Layering","level":2,"score":0.5054571628570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.48678871989250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.48629578948020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4803687036037445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.47416865825653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.45356249809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42976123094558716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187077762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5036976","display_name":"Capture effect","level":4,"score":0.4275643229484558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.4218844175338745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.190182626247406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1103372871875763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10527938604354858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690910","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.gcu.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/9293b54d-c394-4f40-97ee-7ad665a588b1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchonline.gcu.ac.uk/en/publications/9293b54d-c394-4f40-97ee-7ad665a588b1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402566","display_name":"ResearchOnline (Glasgow Caledonian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","host_organization_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Alfouzan, F, Shahrabi, A, Ghoreyshi, S M & Boutaleb, T 2019, An energy-conserving depth-based layering MAC protocol for underwater sensor networks. in 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC2018-Fall., 8690910, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, vol. 2018-August, IEEE, 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference, Chicago, Illinois, United States, 27/08/18. https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690910","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9200000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1630733292","https://openalex.org/W2044819124","https://openalex.org/W2071363896","https://openalex.org/W2102890102","https://openalex.org/W2107201417","https://openalex.org/W2107829530","https://openalex.org/W2110789672","https://openalex.org/W2115102597","https://openalex.org/W2122734354","https://openalex.org/W2133361443","https://openalex.org/W2155904440","https://openalex.org/W2161080764","https://openalex.org/W2170388813","https://openalex.org/W2171009170","https://openalex.org/W2567614077","https://openalex.org/W2612587842","https://openalex.org/W2741029788","https://openalex.org/W6661690167","https://openalex.org/W6676047826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081304190","https://openalex.org/W2477841276","https://openalex.org/W4225540233","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W4285703999","https://openalex.org/W2185568765","https://openalex.org/W2353494610","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W2110789672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"sensor":[1],"networks":[2],"(UWSNs)":[3],"are":[4,42],"effective":[5],"tools":[6],"for":[7,116],"discovering":[8],"and":[9,30,53,95,108,121,129,146,170],"observing":[10],"the":[11,16,92,98,137,142],"underwater":[12],"environment.":[13],"Due":[14],"to":[15,75,90,133],"unique":[17],"characteristics":[18],"of":[19,86,163],"its":[20],"acoustic":[21],"channels":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24,60,62],"long":[25],"propagation":[26],"delay,":[27],"limited":[28],"bandwidth,":[29],"high":[31],"bit":[32],"error":[33],"rate,":[34],"most":[35],"contention-based":[36,49],"Media":[37],"Access":[38],"Control":[39],"(MAC)":[40],"protocols":[41,51,160],"usually":[43],"costly.":[44],"As":[45],"a":[46,79,105],"result,":[47],"both":[48],"MAC":[50,112],"with":[52],"without":[54],"RTS/CTS":[55],"schemes":[56],"do":[57],"not":[58],"perform":[59],"efficiently":[61],"their":[63],"achieved":[64],"performance":[65,81],"in":[66,88,136,161],"terrestrial":[67],"networks.":[68],"A":[69],"collision-free":[70,109],"approach":[71],"is":[72],"increasingly":[73],"considered":[74],"more":[76],"likely":[77],"achieve":[78],"better":[80],"by":[82],"preventing":[83],"any":[84],"possibility":[85],"collisions":[87],"order":[89],"improve":[91],"energy":[93,168],"efficiency":[94],"throughput":[96],"across":[97],"network.":[99,138],"In":[100],"this":[101],"paper,":[102],"we":[103],"propose":[104],"novel":[106],"energy-conserving":[107],"depth-based":[110],"layering":[111],"protocol,":[113],"called":[114],"DL-MAC,":[115],"UWSNs.":[117],"Through":[118],"multiple":[119],"layers":[120],"distributed":[122],"clustering":[123],"approach,":[124],"DL-MAC":[125,156],"successfully":[126],"schedules":[127],"reception":[128],"transmission":[130],"periods":[131],"according":[132],"nodes":[134],"priority":[135],"It":[139],"also":[140],"addresses":[141],"spatial-temporal":[143],"uncertainty,":[144],"near-far,":[145],"hidden/exposed":[147],"terminal":[148],"problems.":[149],"Our":[150],"extensive":[151],"simulation":[152],"study":[153],"shows":[154],"that":[155],"outperforms":[157],"previously":[158],"reported":[159],"terms":[162],"throughput,":[164],"packet":[165],"delivery":[166],"ratio,":[167],"consumption,":[169],"fairness":[171],"under":[172],"varying":[173],"offered":[174],"loads.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}