{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2938212554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","title":"Evaluating Complementary Strengths and Weaknesses of ADAS Sensors","display_name":"Evaluating Complementary Strengths and Weaknesses of ADAS Sensors","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2938212554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","mag":"2938212554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005546091","display_name":"Ismael J. Xique","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ismael J. Xique","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058123683","display_name":"William Buller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1692-979X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Buller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087610017","display_name":"Zahra Bahrani Fard","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Bahrani Fard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055671234","display_name":"Eric G. Dennis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9874-7775"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Dennis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Automotive Research, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112345027","display_name":"Benjamin Hart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","display_name":"Michigan Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0036rpn28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Hart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan Tech Research Institute, Michigan Tech University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005546091"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4947,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84322052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12095","display_name":"Vehicle emissions and performance","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cruise-control","display_name":"Cruise control","score":0.8848288059234619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7250871658325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","score":0.7122169137001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.6865461468696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6505773663520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5765231251716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5478045344352722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5133358836174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.48103955388069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.42685651779174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.338542103767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.31069764494895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.22795921564102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.213947594165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18715286254882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1382654309272766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113168747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507295","display_name":"Cruise control","level":3,"score":0.8848288059234619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7250871658325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.7122169137001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.6865461468696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6505773663520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5765231251716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5478045344352722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5133358836174011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.48103955388069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.42685651779174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.338542103767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31069764494895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.22795921564102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.213947594165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18715286254882812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1382654309272766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.mtu.edu:michigantech-p-34507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/michigantech-p/15205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196391","display_name":"Digital Commons - Michigan Tech (Michigan Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11957088","host_organization_name":"Michigan Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11957088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540263266","https://openalex.org/W2006843663","https://openalex.org/W2074313131","https://openalex.org/W2094658656","https://openalex.org/W2112129371","https://openalex.org/W2218423201","https://openalex.org/W2563763605","https://openalex.org/W2687758864","https://openalex.org/W6652413881"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4253720181","https://openalex.org/W644513019","https://openalex.org/W2166269968","https://openalex.org/W2586244547","https://openalex.org/W1963747729","https://openalex.org/W2517167844","https://openalex.org/W1898535395","https://openalex.org/W2246414322","https://openalex.org/W1122978781","https://openalex.org/W173875111"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Passenger":[0],"vehicles":[1,57],"available":[2,8],"to":[3,33,67,101],"today's":[4],"consumers":[5],"are":[6],"increasingly":[7],"with":[9],"a":[10],"variety":[11],"of":[12,74,85,91,93,97],"advanced":[13],"driver-assistance":[14],"systems":[15,29],"(ADAS)":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18],"adaptive":[19],"cruise":[20],"control,":[21],"lane-keeping,":[22],"automated":[23],"emergency":[24],"braking,":[25],"and":[26,42,95],"more.":[27],"These":[28],"use":[30],"various":[31],"sensors":[32,50,77],"acquire":[34],"information":[35],"about":[36],"the":[37,59,69],"driving":[38],"environment,":[39],"including":[40],"RADAR,":[41],"cameras.":[43],"Additionally,":[44],"it":[45],"is":[46,88],"expected":[47],"that":[48],"LIDAR":[49],"will":[51],"also":[52],"be":[53],"utilized":[54],"on":[55,79],"consumer":[56],"in":[58],"near":[60],"future.":[61],"This":[62],"report":[63],"describes":[64],"an":[65],"approach":[66],"quantify":[68],"comparative":[70],"advantages":[71],"(and":[72],"vulnerabilities)":[73],"individual":[75],"automotive":[76],"based":[78],"empirical":[80],"measurements.":[81],"A":[82],"key":[83,98],"contribution":[84],"this":[86],"research":[87],"its":[89],"definition":[90],"metrics":[92],"performance,":[94],"identification":[96],"functionality":[99],"essential":[100],"autonomy.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}