{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2575217362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","title":"Square-Law Selector and Square-Law Combiner for Cognitive Radio Systems: An Experimental Study","display_name":"Square-Law Selector and Square-Law Combiner for Cognitive Radio Systems: An Experimental Study","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2575217362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","mag":"2575217362"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090832645","display_name":"Rodes Lucas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Rodes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003534130","display_name":"Ankit Kaushik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-1449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankit Kaushik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004973785","display_name":"Shree Krishna Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9823-2886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shree Krishna Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT \u2014 securityandtrust.lu, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT \u2014 securityandtrust.lu, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT \u2014 securityandtrust.lu, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT \u2014 securityandtrust.lu, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048334976","display_name":"Friedrich K. Jondral","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich Jondral","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090832645"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74064556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.8060216307640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5954036116600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5532771348953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.5435476303100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5413354635238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.5343037843704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-scheme","display_name":"Diversity scheme","score":0.4730462431907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4645409882068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.46381232142448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.46323153376579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.44862937927246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4410649538040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4166156053543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2443714737892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.0914841890335083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.8060216307640076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5954036116600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5532771348953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.5435476303100586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5413354635238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.5343037843704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198746922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230593","display_name":"Diversity scheme","level":4,"score":0.4730462431907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4645409882068634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.46381232142448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.46323153376579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.44862937927246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4410649538040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4166156053543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2443714737892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0914841890335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881236","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2084436032","https://openalex.org/W2089163737","https://openalex.org/W2103586998","https://openalex.org/W2113900577","https://openalex.org/W2143172181","https://openalex.org/W2153804803","https://openalex.org/W2164701487","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2172139273","https://openalex.org/W2399384866","https://openalex.org/W3102471928","https://openalex.org/W6712442400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2576881499","https://openalex.org/W2336515566","https://openalex.org/W2188935720","https://openalex.org/W2034311446","https://openalex.org/W2034247727","https://openalex.org/W2109777509","https://openalex.org/W2604107711","https://openalex.org/W2067522227","https://openalex.org/W2147197292","https://openalex.org/W2126877935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"Radio":[1],"communication":[2],"is":[3,58],"foreseen":[4],"as":[5,81,117],"one":[6],"of":[7,72,128,141,154],"the":[8,19,33,39,52,92,96,101,106,139,147,152,159,173,177],"possible":[9],"candidates":[10],"that":[11,161],"can":[12,25,42],"resolve":[13],"spectrum":[14],"scarcity":[15,24],"currently":[16],"faced":[17,175],"by":[18,28,45,133],"upcoming":[20],"wireless":[21],"technologies.":[22],"This":[23],"be":[26,43],"solved":[27],"enabling":[29],"secondary":[30],"access":[31],"to":[32,62,68,90,105,150,184],"licensed":[34],"spectrum.":[35],"The":[36],"interference":[37],"at":[38,51,95,158],"primary":[40,73],"receiver":[41],"avoided":[44],"employing":[46],"a":[47,69,122,142,155,167],"detector":[48],"(spectrum":[49],"sensing)":[50],"Secondary":[53],"Transmitter":[54],"(ST).":[55],"Energy":[56],"detection":[57,93],"widely":[59],"used":[60,89],"due":[61],"its":[63],"low":[64],"complexity":[65],"and":[66,84,120,144,180],"applicability":[67],"large":[70],"range":[71],"user":[74],"signals.":[75],"Recently,":[76],"antenna":[77,107,163],"diversity":[78,108,164],"techniques":[79,109,130,165],"such":[80,116,129],"square-law":[82,85],"selector":[83],"combiner":[86],"have":[87],"been":[88,111],"enhance":[91],"performance":[94,103,153],"ST.":[97],"In":[98],"this":[99,134,136],"context,":[100],"detector's":[102],"pertaining":[104],"has":[110],"characterized":[112],"analytically.":[113],"However,":[114],"issues":[115],"RF":[118],"impairments":[119],"deploying":[121],"fading":[123],"model":[124],"render":[125],"hardware":[126,178],"implementation":[127,179],"challenging.":[131],"Motivated":[132],"fact,":[135],"paper":[137],"presents":[138],"deployment":[140],"hardware,":[143],"subsequently":[145],"utilize":[146],"theoretical":[148],"expressions":[149],"validate":[151],"multi-antenna":[156],"system":[157],"ST":[160],"exploits":[162],"in":[166],"realistic":[168],"environment.":[169],"Finally,":[170],"we":[171],"emphasize":[172],"challenges":[174],"during":[176],"present":[181],"our":[182],"approach":[183],"address":[185],"these":[186],"challenges.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}