{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2603444406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","title":"Location Based Beamforming in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks","display_name":"Location Based Beamforming in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2603444406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","mag":"2603444406"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009118381","display_name":"Petteri Kela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-0591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petteri Kela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102994077","display_name":"M\u00e1rio Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7549-1885"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028124059","display_name":"Jussi Turkka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jussi Turkka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Ltd., Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd., Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053302106","display_name":"Mike Koivisto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7677-6951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Koivisto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041083787","display_name":"Janis Werner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7284-2130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janis Werner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055952789","display_name":"Aki Hakkarainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-7556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aki Hakkarainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054197935","display_name":"Mikko Valkama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0361-0800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133110","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":null,"country_code":"FI","type":null,"lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikko Valkama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4210133110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059959008","display_name":"Riku J\u00e4ntti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-2381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riku Jantti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090785477","display_name":"Kari Lepp\u00e4nen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kari Leppanen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Oy (Finland). Co. Ltd., Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97302039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8763901591300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7388789057731628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5039283633232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4971814453601837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.48049747943878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-kalman-filter","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","score":0.4708152413368225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duplex","display_name":"Duplex (building)","score":0.45492711663246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.43836745619773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Space-division multiple access","score":0.4303528666496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4209166467189789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.413161963224411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35215020179748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3305974006652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30454158782958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2715204060077667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2339785397052765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15258532762527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09769570827484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07529142498970032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8763901591300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7388789057731628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5039283633232117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4971814453601837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.48049747943878174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206833254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421817","display_name":"Extended Kalman filter","level":3,"score":0.4708152413368225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99611785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6453233","display_name":"Duplex (building)","level":3,"score":0.45492711663246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.43836745619773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778140939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3494197","display_name":"Space-division multiple access","level":3,"score":0.4303528666496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4209166467189789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.413161963224411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35215020179748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3305974006652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30454158782958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2715204060077667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2339785397052765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15258532762527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09769570827484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07529142498970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2016.7881072","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:trepo.tuni.fi:10024/213292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/213292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055260","display_name":"Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509397529","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1581992174","https://openalex.org/W2041050174","https://openalex.org/W2061914652","https://openalex.org/W2073831240","https://openalex.org/W2076123503","https://openalex.org/W2109247412","https://openalex.org/W2110245040","https://openalex.org/W2113891116","https://openalex.org/W2131350052","https://openalex.org/W2145486800","https://openalex.org/W2155174176","https://openalex.org/W2171252030","https://openalex.org/W2188983064","https://openalex.org/W2292522737","https://openalex.org/W2486860031","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6687200934"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089114113","https://openalex.org/W2389555968","https://openalex.org/W2352634297","https://openalex.org/W2320550378","https://openalex.org/W2020144404","https://openalex.org/W2114032281","https://openalex.org/W4372347353","https://openalex.org/W2149615975","https://openalex.org/W1949722210","https://openalex.org/W2229640938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,21],"consider":[4],"transmit":[5],"(Tx)":[6],"and":[7,37,48,62,72,103],"receive":[8],"(Rx)":[9],"beamforming":[10,29,74,186,214],"schemes":[11,187,215],"based":[12,33,188,201,213,218],"on":[13,34,115,189,219],"the":[14,17,27,35,41,64,70,88,109,116,119,123,139,152,156,160,166],"location":[15,117],"of":[16,40,90,118,159,179,224],"device.":[18],"particular,":[20],"propose":[22],"a":[23,198],"design":[24,97],"methodology":[25],"for":[26,60,68,137,154,228],"Tx/Rx":[28],"weight-vectors":[30],"that":[31,211],"is":[32,57,79],"departure":[36],"arrival":[38],"angles":[39],"line-of-sight":[42],"(LoS)":[43],"path":[44],"between":[45],"access-nodes":[46],"(ANds)":[47],"user-nodes":[49],"(UNds).":[50],"A":[51],"network-centric":[52],"extended":[53],"Kalman":[54],"filter":[55],"(EKF)":[56],"also":[58],"proposed":[59,77],"estimating":[61],"tracking":[63,155],"directional":[65],"parameters":[66,158],"needed":[67],"designing":[69],"Tx":[71,102],"Rx":[73,104],"weights.":[75],"The":[76],"approach":[78],"particularly":[80],"useful":[81],"in":[82,105,142,177,204,222],"5G":[83,206],"ultra-dense":[84,205],"networks":[85],"(UDNs)":[86],"since":[87],"high-probability":[89],"LoS":[91],"condition":[92],"makes":[93,125],"it":[94,126],"possible":[95,127],"to":[96,107,122,128,164,185],"geometric":[98],"beams":[99],"at":[100,168],"both":[101],"order":[106],"increase":[108],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[110],"ratio":[111],"(SINR).":[112],"Moreover,":[113],"relying":[114],"UNd":[120],"relative":[121],"ANds":[124],"replace":[129],"fullband":[130],"uplink":[131],"(UL)":[132],"reference":[133,171],"signals,":[134],"commonly":[135],"employed":[136],"acquiring":[138],"channel-state-information-at-transmitter":[140],"(CSIT)":[141],"time-division-duplex":[143],"(TDD)":[144],"systems,":[145],"by":[146],"narrowband":[147],"UL":[148,170],"pilots.":[149],"Also,":[150],"employing":[151],"EKF":[153],"double-directional":[157],"LoS-path":[161],"allows":[162],"one":[163],"reduce":[165],"rate":[167],"which":[169],"signals":[172],"are":[173,182,195],"transmitted.":[174],"Consequently,":[175],"savings":[176],"terms":[178,223],"time-frequency":[180],"resources":[181],"achieved":[183],"compared":[184],"full-band":[190,220],"CSI.":[191],"Extensive":[192],"numerical":[193],"results":[194],"included":[196],"using":[197],"realistic":[199],"ray-tracing":[200],"system-level":[202],"simulator":[203],"network":[207],"context.":[208],"Results":[209],"show":[210],"position":[212],"outperform":[216],"those":[217],"CSI":[221],"mean":[225],"user-throughput":[226],"even":[227],"highly":[229],"mobile":[230],"users.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}