{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983622732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","title":"Performance of Spatial Modulation Using Measured Real-World Channels","display_name":"Performance of Spatial Modulation Using Measured Real-World Channels","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983622732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","mag":"1983622732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3437","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012850481","display_name":"Abdelhamid Younis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2499-8536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Younis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088551191","display_name":"W. T. Thompson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-6426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Thompson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Bristol, Bristol, UK","[university of bristol, Bristol, UK]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[university of bristol, Bristol, UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081612175","display_name":"Marco Di Renzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102197404","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Sud","ror":"https://ror.org/028rypz17","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Di Renzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Super. d'Electricite (SUPELEC), Univ. of Paris-Sud XI (UPS), Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Super. d'Electricite (SUPELEC), Univ. of Paris-Sud XI (UPS), Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102197404"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779393","display_name":"Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.-X. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sch. of Eng. & Phys. Sci., Heriot-Watt Univ., Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Eng. & Phys. Sci., Heriot-Watt Univ., Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081159321","display_name":"Mark A Beach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6798-7001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Beach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Bristol, Bristol, UK","[university of bristol, Bristol, UK]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[university of bristol, Bristol, UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074320996","display_name":"Harald Haas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-2701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Haas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110037296","display_name":"P.M. Grant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. M. Grant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Digital Commun., Univ. of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012850481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5768,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98616383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.60445636510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5059518218040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-modulation","display_name":"Spatial modulation","score":0.4125211536884308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33625102043151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30274125933647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.20159852504730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.186695396900177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.1347803771495819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1294308304786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.10874319076538086}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.60445636510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5059518218040466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019745063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107304836","display_name":"Spatial modulation","level":4,"score":0.4125211536884308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33625102043151855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30274125933647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.20159852504730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.186695396900177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.1347803771495819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1294308304786682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.10874319076538086}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1305.3437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.3437","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3437","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.642.2438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.642.2438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~hxh/PRE_PRINTS/13_vtc_fall_paper_award.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.744.3974","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.744.3974","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3437.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-00829290v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centralesupelec.hal.science/hal-00829290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE 78th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall), Sep 2013, Las Vegas, United States. pp.1-5, ⟨10.1109/vtcfall.2013.6692360⟩","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1305.3437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1305.3437","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.3437","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1879998039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G042713/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W598996319","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W2019845501","https://openalex.org/W2107857031","https://openalex.org/W2119456443","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2133475491","https://openalex.org/W2149692125","https://openalex.org/W2156811678","https://openalex.org/W2163504740","https://openalex.org/W2295559644","https://openalex.org/W2798909945","https://openalex.org/W4245808720","https://openalex.org/W4256217385","https://openalex.org/W6675828669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4321519077","https://openalex.org/W4323520865","https://openalex.org/W4323351275","https://openalex.org/W4323520696","https://openalex.org/W4323354078","https://openalex.org/W2028792010","https://openalex.org/W4323354284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"for":[3,79,88,135,157,168],"the":[4,14,25,80,85,91,99,104,109,113,117,124,131,148],"first":[5],"time":[6],"real--world":[7],"channel":[8,46],"measurements":[9,47],"are":[10,48,70],"used":[11],"to":[12],"analyse":[13],"performance":[15,30,63,125,154],"of":[16,24,32,82,119,126],"spatial":[17,127],"modulation":[18],"(SM),":[19],"where":[20],"a":[21,75,151],"full":[22],"analysis":[23],"average":[26],"bit":[27],"error":[28],"rate":[29],"(ABER)":[31],"SM":[33,89,120,145,162],"using":[34,65,90,98,112,130],"measured":[35,92,100,132],"urban":[36,53,93,101,133],"correlated":[37],"and":[38,72,84,108,137],"uncorrelated":[39],"Rayleigh":[40,67],"fading":[41,68],"channels":[42,69,102,134],"is":[43,121,142],"provided.":[44],"The":[45,95],"taken":[49],"from":[50],"an":[51],"outdoor":[52],"multiple":[54,56],"input":[55],"output":[57],"(MIMO)":[58],"measurement":[59],"campaign.":[60],"Moreover,":[61],"ABER":[62,81,86,96,110,118,167],"results":[64,87,97,111],"simulated":[66,114],"provided":[71],"compared":[73,122],"with":[74,123],"derived":[76,105],"analytical":[77,106],"bound":[78,107],"SM,":[83],"channels.":[94,115],"validate":[103],"Finally,":[116],"multiplexing":[128],"(SMX)":[129],"small":[136,158],"large":[138,164,169],"scale":[139,159,170],"MIMO.":[140,160,171],"It":[141],"shown":[143],"that":[144],"offers":[146,163],"nearly":[147],"same":[149],"or":[150],"slightly":[152],"better":[153],"than":[155],"SMX":[156],"However,":[161],"reduction":[165],"in":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}