{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414646882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792","title":"UAV Trajectory Optimization for Radio Map Updating: A Transformer-Based DRL Approach","display_name":"UAV Trajectory Optimization for Radio Map Updating: A Transformer-Based DRL Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414646882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108047070","display_name":"Jiahao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4004-3083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073712929","display_name":"Bo Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2746-350X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109737049","display_name":"Xinyi Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104210300","display_name":"Qihui Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihui Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.713100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.34880000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.34439998865127563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.713100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6509000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.4799000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4056999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.34880000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173246807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833062","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","level":3,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165646398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3755281","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","level":3,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156884757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798554","display_name":"Backtracking","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017806736","https://openalex.org/W2091484400","https://openalex.org/W2140452629","https://openalex.org/W2146023459","https://openalex.org/W2496675188","https://openalex.org/W2574081677","https://openalex.org/W2883649322","https://openalex.org/W2918305131","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W2964023906","https://openalex.org/W3088382970","https://openalex.org/W3171715134","https://openalex.org/W4285211583","https://openalex.org/W4291910407","https://openalex.org/W4364322852","https://openalex.org/W4391305571","https://openalex.org/W4392904519","https://openalex.org/W4397026369"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,104],"deployment":[1],"of":[2,50,74,150],"unmanned":[3],"aerial":[4],"vehicles":[5],"(UAVs)":[6],"to":[7,34,38,58,70,92,109],"assist":[8],"in":[9,97,154],"measurement":[10],"collection":[11],"for":[12,138],"radio":[13,26,40,61,156],"map":[14,27,41,62,157],"construction":[15],"has":[16,33],"significant":[17],"potential.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"work,":[21],"we":[22,121,146],"investigate":[23],"the":[24,31,45,48,60,72,75,88,94,101,148,151],"UAV-assisted":[25],"updating":[28,158],"system,":[29],"where":[30],"UAV":[32],"collect":[35],"informative":[36],"measurements":[37],"improve":[39],"accuracy":[42,73],"and":[43,63,113,130,159],"reach":[44],"destination":[46],"within":[47],"constraint":[49],"limited":[51],"onboard":[52],"energy.":[53],"We":[54,77],"apply":[55],"Ordinary":[56],"Kriging":[57,65,98],"construct":[59],"use":[64],"variance":[66,99],"as":[67],"a":[68,80],"metric":[69],"evaluate":[71],"map.":[76],"then":[78],"formulate":[79],"finite-horizon":[81],"Markov":[82],"Decision":[83],"Process":[84],"(MDP)":[85],"that":[86,126],"optimizes":[87],"UAVs":[89],"trajectory,":[90],"aiming":[91],"maximize":[93],"total":[95],"reduction":[96],"under":[100],"system's":[102],"constraints.":[103],"MDP":[105],"is":[106],"challenging":[107],"due":[108],"its":[110],"sparse":[111],"reward":[112,128],"large,":[114],"continuous":[115],"state":[116],"space.":[117],"To":[118],"address":[119],"this,":[120],"propose":[122],"an":[123],"AT-DQN":[124],"algorithm":[125,153],"utilizes":[127],"shaping":[129],"combines":[131],"Agent":[132],"Transformer":[133],"(AT)":[134],"with":[135],"Dueling":[136],"DQN":[137],"effective":[139],"trajectory":[140,160],"learning.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"through":[143],"numerical":[144],"experiments,":[145],"verify":[147],"efficiency":[149],"proposed":[152],"both":[155],"optimization.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
