{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414648014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694","title":"Cross-Domain Adversarial Attacks: Translating Network Intrusion to CAN Bus Evasion in V2X Environments","display_name":"Cross-Domain Adversarial Attacks: Translating Network Intrusion to CAN Bus Evasion in V2X Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414648014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061480012","display_name":"Md Mehedi Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-0739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Mehedi Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2640"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2640","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066799557","display_name":"Rafiqul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0920-5697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafiqul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2640"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2640","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016319775","display_name":"Quazi Mamun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-7651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quazi Mamun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2678"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2678","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015246388","display_name":"Md Zahidul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-4945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153230381","display_name":"Charles Sturt University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wfvh315","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Zahidul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2795"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Comp, Maths and Engg, Charles Sturt University,NSW,Australia,2795","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153230381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015817857","display_name":"Junbin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9803-0256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junbin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, The University of Sydney,NSW,Australia,2006"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, The University of Sydney,NSW,Australia,2006","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91317122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evasion","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.642300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.6304000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5174000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4657999873161316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781251061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416089","display_name":"Evasion (ethics)","level":3,"score":0.7601000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7095000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.642300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.6304000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5769000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5174000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4657999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4625000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158251709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354025","display_name":"Intrusion","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65856478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3991682","display_name":"Attack model","level":2,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780264999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445032","display_name":"Security domain","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27061796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion prevention system","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.25760000944137573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174694","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2296509296","https://openalex.org/W2909426274","https://openalex.org/W2911448750","https://openalex.org/W2942235444","https://openalex.org/W3018640761","https://openalex.org/W3104227430","https://openalex.org/W3193112263","https://openalex.org/W4362718249","https://openalex.org/W4385687973","https://openalex.org/W4387757650","https://openalex.org/W4396754161","https://openalex.org/W4402811622","https://openalex.org/W4405908462","https://openalex.org/W4406267266","https://openalex.org/W4409102785","https://openalex.org/W4409910951"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"paper":[2],"presents":[3],"an":[4],"attack":[5,117,136],"framework":[6],"between":[7],"NIDS":[8,97],"and":[9,51,72,94,98,164,180],"CAN-based":[10],"intrusion":[11],"detection":[12],"that":[13,68],"secures":[14],"vehicle-to-everything":[15],"(V2X)":[16],"environments.":[17],"The":[18,103,116,138],"connection":[19],"of":[20,86],"vehicles":[21,163],"to":[22,43,88,113,146],"external":[23],"networks":[24],"exposes":[25],"critical":[26,158],"security":[27,49,53,159],"concerns":[28],"because":[29],"public":[30],"network":[31,48],"attacks":[32,46,82,147],"can":[33],"penetrate":[34],"into":[35],"vehicle":[36],"systems.":[37],"Our":[38,81],"methodology":[39],"performs":[40],"three":[41],"steps":[42],"enable":[44],"crossdomain":[45],"through":[47],"domain":[50,54],"automotive":[52,173],"integration:":[55],"(1)":[56],"ensemble":[57,124],"feature":[58,125,132],"selection":[59,126],"discovering":[60],"common":[61],"vulnerabilities,":[62],"(2)":[63],"V2X-Aware":[64],"calibrated":[65],"gradient":[66],"descent":[67],"follows":[69],"protocol":[70],"constraints,":[71],"(3)":[73],"CAN-Deep":[74],"PackGen":[75],"produces":[76],"valid":[77],"network-based":[78],"CAN":[79,101,140],"frames.":[80],"achieve":[83],"evasion":[84],"rates":[85],"up":[87],"87.9%":[89],"during":[90],"experiments":[91],"on":[92],"KDDCup99":[93],"UNSW-NB15":[95],"for":[96,100,107,161,168,178],"CICIoV2024":[99],"IDS.":[102],"transfer":[104],"success":[105,118],"rate":[106,119],"timing-related":[108],"features":[109],"surpasses":[110],"85%":[111],"due":[112],"their":[114],"vulnerability.":[115],"receives":[120],"24.7%":[121],"improvement":[122],"from":[123],"which":[127],"exhibits":[128],"strong":[129],"correlation":[130],"with":[131],"importance":[133],"in":[134,172,184],"predicting":[135],"transferability.":[137],"diagnostic":[139],"messages":[141],"demonstrate":[142,165],"the":[143,166],"maximum":[144],"vulnerability":[145],"by":[148],"achieving":[149],"a$\\text{9":[150],"2.":[151],"3":[152],"\\%}$evasion":[153],"rate.":[154],"These":[155],"findings":[156],"highlight":[157],"implications":[160],"connected":[162],"need":[167],"cross-domain":[169],"defensive":[170],"strategies":[171],"cybersecurity,":[174],"providing":[175],"a":[176],"foundation":[177],"understanding":[179],"mitigating":[181],"adversarial":[182],"threats":[183],"interconnected":[185],"transportation.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
