{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414647033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560","title":"Performance of Cell-Sweeping Using 256-QAM, 3D Antennas and SU-MIMO in 3GPP LTE","display_name":"Performance of Cell-Sweeping Using 256-QAM, 3D Antennas and SU-MIMO in 3GPP LTE","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414647033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119774891","display_name":"Ali Noori Alnaqeeb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Noori Alnaqeeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112180290","display_name":"Atta Ul Quddus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atta ul Quddus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073704569","display_name":"Chuan Heng Foh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5716-1396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Heng Foh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), University of Surrey,5GIC &#x0026; 6GIC,Guildford,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6233999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5776000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5667999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3rd-generation-partnership-project-2","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-performance","display_name":"Network performance","score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4058000147342682}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6233999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5936999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5776000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5667999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177782964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229785","display_name":"3rd Generation Partnership Project 2","level":3,"score":0.5005999803543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5005000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4586000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17652562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345402","display_name":"LTE Advanced","level":3,"score":0.3894999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778915421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3643177","display_name":"Performance improvement","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530404","display_name":"Single-frequency network","level":3,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182448111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281197","display_name":"Radio resource management","level":4,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114563136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19725982","display_name":"Network planning and design","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138916503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2714551","display_name":"Link adaptation","level":4,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778079784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25000112","display_name":"Cooperative MIMO","level":5,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155050386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068623","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2025-spring65109.2025.11174560","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 101st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2025-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501289763","https://openalex.org/W2610322235","https://openalex.org/W2794602376","https://openalex.org/W2945655391","https://openalex.org/W2950492447","https://openalex.org/W3025061635","https://openalex.org/W3124669181","https://openalex.org/W3186231010","https://openalex.org/W4280646368","https://openalex.org/W4321458547","https://openalex.org/W4377235590"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ensuring":[0],"robust":[1],"and":[2,32,167,172,179,200],"uniform":[3],"network":[4,10,27,54,156],"coverage":[5],"is":[6,170],"crucial":[7],"for":[8,204],"mobile":[9],"operators,":[11],"particularly":[12,185],"at":[13,97],"the":[14,40,84,93,98,103,108,115,193],"cell":[15],"edges,":[16],"where":[17],"interference":[18],"remains":[19],"a":[20,50],"persistent":[21],"challenge.":[22],"Traditional":[23],"solutions":[24],"such":[25],"as":[26,73,75,197],"densification":[28],"are":[29],"complex,":[30],"costly,":[31],"prone":[33],"to":[34,90,130,150],"increased":[35],"interference.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"presents":[39],"performance":[41,95,124],"of":[42,64,105,126,128,195],"recently":[43],"proposed":[44],"Cell-Sweeping":[45],"base":[46],"stations":[47],"deployment":[48,202],"in":[49,107,133,146,186],"typical":[51],"4G":[52],"LTE":[53,148],"with":[55,164],"Single":[56],"User-Multiple":[57],"Input":[58],"Multiple":[59],"Output":[60],"(SU-MIMO)":[61],"operation,":[62],"use":[63],"higher-order":[65],"modulation":[66,166],"schemes,":[67],"i.e.":[68,141],"256-Quadrature":[69],"Amplitude":[70],"Modulation":[71],"(256-QAM),":[72],"well":[74],"using":[76,114],"3D":[77],"antenna":[78,85],"radiation":[79,86],"patterns.":[80],"By":[81],"dynamically":[82],"sweeping":[83],"patterns,":[87],"cell-sweeping":[88,127,163,196],"aims":[89],"significantly":[91,173],"enhance":[92],"cell-edge":[94,134],"while":[96],"same":[99],"time":[100],"also":[101],"harmonises":[102],"distribution":[104],"throughput":[106,135],"whole":[109],"cell.":[110],"System-level":[111],"simulations":[112],"conducted":[113],"3rd":[116],"Generation":[117],"Partnership":[118],"Project":[119],"(3GPP)":[120],"configurations":[121,169],"reveal":[122],"significant":[123],"gain":[125],"up":[129],"147%":[131],"improvement":[132],"observed":[136],"under":[137],"open-loop":[138],"spatial":[139],"multiplexing,":[140],"Transmission":[142],"Mode":[143],"3":[144],"(TM3)":[145],"3GPP":[147],"compared":[149],"conventional":[151],"(i.e.":[152],"non":[153],"cell-sweeping)":[154],"cellular":[155],"deployment.":[157],"The":[158],"results":[159],"demonstrate":[160],"that":[161],"integrating":[162],"advanced":[165],"MIMO":[168],"feasible":[171],"improves":[174],"Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise":[175],"Ratio":[176],"(SINR),":[177],"throughput,":[178],"Channel":[180],"Quality":[181],"Indicators":[182],"(CQI)":[183],"distribution,":[184],"dense":[187],"urban":[188],"environments.":[189],"These":[190],"findings":[191],"highlight":[192],"potential":[194],"an":[198],"effective":[199],"simpler":[201],"strategy":[203],"future":[205],"radio":[206],"access":[207],"networks.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
