{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385800866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459","title":"Decentralized Bidirectional-Chain Equalizer for Massive MIMO","display_name":"Decentralized Bidirectional-Chain Equalizer for Massive MIMO","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385800866","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 97th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2023-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103112673","display_name":"Shuai Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-9229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358191","display_name":"Jianjun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6979-8802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing,China,210016"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing,China,210016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085579919","display_name":"Jiaheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050692023","display_name":"Xiqi Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9107-6593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiqi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Nanjing,China,210096","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103112673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43282821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7863879203796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.61168372631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.5483208894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.5395250916481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4789162874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.46745023131370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4253033399581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35181763768196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.3515765070915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3378140330314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.25954437255859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22362053394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12484627962112427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7863879203796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.61168372631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.5483208894729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.5395250916481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4789162874221802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.46745023131370544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4253033399581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35181763768196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3515765070915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3378140330314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.25954437255859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22362053394317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12484627962112427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtc2023-spring57618.2023.10199459","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 97th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2023-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322438","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557578388","https://openalex.org/W1974661392","https://openalex.org/W2014421268","https://openalex.org/W2021699271","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2141682101","https://openalex.org/W2147601077","https://openalex.org/W2238937638","https://openalex.org/W2523358175","https://openalex.org/W2568222406","https://openalex.org/W2742599086","https://openalex.org/W2884517120","https://openalex.org/W2888786138","https://openalex.org/W2910522649","https://openalex.org/W2963278460","https://openalex.org/W2963845287","https://openalex.org/W2999528193","https://openalex.org/W4225540194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491333300","https://openalex.org/W2344811745","https://openalex.org/W2384590505","https://openalex.org/W272184114","https://openalex.org/W2204547643","https://openalex.org/W1497578837","https://openalex.org/W2030530124","https://openalex.org/W4224872188","https://openalex.org/W4285223123","https://openalex.org/W4386970495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84,150],"current":[1],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(MIMO)":[4],"systems":[5],"are":[6,90,171],"still":[7],"mainly":[8],"implemented":[9],"based":[10],"on":[11],"the":[12,28,40,52,57,87,96,101,104,127,139,156,175],"centralized":[13,58],"architecture,":[14,142],"which":[15,45,114],"thus":[16],"has":[17],"to":[18,38,103,173],"process":[19],"a":[20,34,118],"huge":[21],"amount":[22],"of":[23,68,86,113,161,179],"base-band":[24],"data.":[25],"In":[26],"particular,":[27],"central":[29],"processing":[30,105,120],"unit":[31,106,121],"(CPU)":[32],"needs":[33],"large":[35],"bus":[36],"bandwidth":[37],"accommodate":[39],"prohibitive":[41],"baseband":[42],"data":[43,97],"transmission,":[44],"hinders":[46],"effective":[47],"system":[48],"implementation,":[49],"especially":[50],"for":[51],"massive":[53],"MIMO":[54],"systems.":[55],"Moreover,":[56],"scheme":[59],"lacks":[60],"flexibility":[61],"and":[62,71,164,177],"scalability":[63],"when":[64],"facing":[65],"varying":[66],"sizes":[67],"antenna":[69],"arrays":[70],"diverse":[72],"applications.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"proposes":[76],"an":[77],"efficient":[78,146],"decentralized":[79],"bidirectional-chain":[80],"(DBC)":[81],"equalizer":[82],"architecture.":[83],"advantages":[85],"DBC":[88,141],"architecture":[89],"two-fold.":[91],"First,":[92],"it":[93,124],"can":[94,125],"reduce":[95,126],"traffic":[98],"transmitted":[99],"from":[100],"antennas":[102],"by":[107,130],"categorizing":[108],"them":[109],"into":[110],"clusters,":[111],"each":[112],"is":[115],"equipped":[116],"with":[117],"local":[119],"(LPU).":[122],"Second,":[123],"time":[128],"delay":[129],"updating":[131],"all":[132],"clusters":[133],"in":[134,159],"parallel.":[135],"To":[136],"sufficiently":[137],"exploit":[138],"proposed":[140],"we":[143],"further":[144],"propose":[145],"parallel":[147],"iterative":[148,153],"algorithms.":[149],"DBC-based":[151],"parallelizable":[152],"algorithms":[154],"achieve":[155],"state-of-the-art":[157],"performance":[158],"terms":[160],"convergence":[162],"rate":[163],"bit":[165],"error":[166],"rate.":[167],"Finally,":[168],"simulation":[169],"results":[170],"provided":[172],"confirm":[174],"effectiveness":[176],"superiority":[178],"our":[180],"proposal.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
