{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293095078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785","title":"Characteristics of 5.3 GHz MIMO Channels with an Extremely Large Antenna Array in Urban Macro Scenarios","display_name":"Characteristics of 5.3 GHz MIMO Channels with an Extremely Large Antenna Array in Urban Macro Scenarios","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293095078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406972","display_name":"Chao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3245-5849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering,Nanjing,China,210096"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering,Nanjing,China,210096","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323085","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5230-3431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058038579","display_name":"Zhimeng Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5878-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimeng Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103527857","display_name":"Li Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750910","display_name":"Wei Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4846-5715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074390528","display_name":"Qibo Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4897-0052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qibo Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779393","display_name":"Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering,Nanjing,China,210096"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Huawei Technologies CO.,Ltd,Wireless Network RAN Research Department,Shanghai,China,201216","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering,Nanjing,China,210096","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.065,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86370543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5820412635803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5373896956443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5238792300224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.47337454557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4662541151046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4610435664653778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.454097181558609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/array-gain","display_name":"Array gain","score":0.44482430815696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.41585367918014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4133700728416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-height-considerations","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","score":0.4133650064468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.35095906257629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.308042049407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20651793479919434}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5820412635803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5373896956443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5238792300224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.47337454557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4662541151046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4610435664653778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.454097181558609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136664719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4795880","display_name":"Array gain","level":4,"score":0.44482430815696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.41585367918014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4133700728416443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155050386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068623","display_name":"Antenna height considerations","level":3,"score":0.4133650064468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.35095906257629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.308042049407959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20651793479919434}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1683036431","https://openalex.org/W1901339769","https://openalex.org/W2000065674","https://openalex.org/W2104621895","https://openalex.org/W2124175354","https://openalex.org/W2135647798","https://openalex.org/W2796217188","https://openalex.org/W2893485220","https://openalex.org/W2904483840","https://openalex.org/W2963673880","https://openalex.org/W2997786076","https://openalex.org/W3072069827","https://openalex.org/W4200439765","https://openalex.org/W6639907678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186911381","https://openalex.org/W3013692990","https://openalex.org/W2336419757","https://openalex.org/W2614068813","https://openalex.org/W2349933779","https://openalex.org/W3105556684","https://openalex.org/W3217065475","https://openalex.org/W3011333547","https://openalex.org/W2281653810","https://openalex.org/W2494546882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extremely":[0],"large":[1],"antenna":[2,66,98,126,182],"array":[3,67,99],"(ELAA)":[4],"is":[5,16,59,62,142,166],"one":[6],"of":[7,23,33,43,89,97,105,118,120,136,139,150,162,191,215,224],"the":[8,31,41,87,101,112,116,125,134,140,148,154,171,176,181,188,194,213,216,219,229,240],"most":[9],"promising":[10],"technologies":[11],"in":[12,77,153],"5G-Advanced":[13],"(5.5G),":[14],"which":[15,61],"equipped":[17,63],"with":[18,64,73,124,180,187,239],"hundreds":[19],"or":[20],"even":[21],"thousands":[22],"antennas":[24],"at":[25,68],"base":[26],"station":[27],"(BS),":[28],"to":[29,114,158,169,175,211],"meet":[30],"requirements":[32],"higher":[34],"rate":[35],"and":[36,53,100,147,198,205],"spectral":[37],"efficiency.":[38],"To":[39],"verify":[40],"characteristics":[42],"ELAA":[44,121,241],"channel,":[45],"including":[46],"spatial":[47],"non-stationary,":[48],"near-field":[49],"spherical":[50],"wavefront":[51],"effect":[52],"channel":[54,122,164,172,221,233],"hardening,":[55],"a":[56,78,236],"measurement":[57,197],"campaign":[58],"performed,":[60],"128-element":[65],"BS":[69,141],"on":[70,85,218],"5.3":[71],"GHz":[72],"160":[74],"MHz":[75],"bandwidth":[76],"typical":[79],"urban":[80],"macro":[81],"(UMa)":[82],"scenario.":[83],"Based":[84],"this,":[86],"correlation":[88,129],"power":[90,177],"angular":[91,106],"spectrums":[92],"(PAS)":[93],"between":[94,196],"sliding":[95],"windows":[96],"standard":[102],"deviation":[103],"(STD)":[104],"spreads":[107],"(AS)":[108],"are":[109,209],"defined":[110],"as":[111],"metrics":[113],"measure":[115,170],"level":[117],"variations":[119],"along":[123,179],"array.":[127],"The":[128,160],"goes":[130],"slightly":[131],"down":[132],"while":[133],"distance":[135],"two":[137],"subarrays":[138],"larger":[143],"than":[144],"0.6":[145],"m":[146],"STD":[149,161],"AS":[151],"changes":[152],"range":[155],"from":[156],"1\u00b0":[157],"8\u00b0.":[159],"normalized":[163],"gain":[165],"also":[167],"given":[168,210],"hardening.":[173],"Due":[174],"imbalance":[178],"array,":[183],"it":[184],"decreases":[185],"non-linearly":[186],"increasing":[189],"number":[190],"antennas.":[192],"Meanwhile,":[193],"comparisons":[195],"simulations":[199],"by":[200],"3GPP":[201],"TR":[202],"3S.":[203],"901":[204],"modified":[206,230],"COST":[207,231],"2100":[208,232],"show":[212,227],"necessity":[214],"modifications":[217],"current":[220],"model.":[222],"All":[223],"above":[225],"analyses":[226],"that":[228],"model":[234],"has":[235],"better":[237],"match":[238],"measurement.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}