{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293057963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739","title":"Detection and Exclusion of Incipient Fault for GNSS-based Train Positioning under Non-Gaussian Assumption","display_name":"Detection and Exclusion of Incipient Fault for GNSS-based Train Positioning under Non-Gaussian Assumption","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293057963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026911080","display_name":"Xuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4788-0693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Beijing,China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101569349","display_name":"Jiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2836-7651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System,Beijing,China","Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636115","display_name":"Baigen Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-005X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bai-Gen Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System,Beijing,China","Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773356","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1748-6409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing,China","Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068836948","display_name":"Debiao Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debiao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing,China","Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering Research Center of GNSS and EMC Technology for Rail Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.9057685732841492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/receiver-autonomous-integrity-monitoring","display_name":"Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring","score":0.6131319999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5968639254570007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5853599309921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5108277797698975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.49884557723999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.46890154480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.45854002237319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.43187570571899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4089932441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.393291711807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2905820310115814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18004176020622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0785737931728363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.9057685732841492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94821174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2135146","display_name":"Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring","level":4,"score":0.6131319999694824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5968639254570007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5853599309921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5108277797698975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.49884557723999023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.46890154480934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.45854002237319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.43187570571899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4089932441711426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.393291711807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2905820310115814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18004176020622253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0785737931728363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860739","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104155200","https://openalex.org/W2129904672","https://openalex.org/W2180507614","https://openalex.org/W2331257503","https://openalex.org/W2781561575","https://openalex.org/W2896211679","https://openalex.org/W2941188645","https://openalex.org/W2993427795","https://openalex.org/W3055378003","https://openalex.org/W3164521861","https://openalex.org/W3201242959","https://openalex.org/W6755226336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197004465","https://openalex.org/W3092220666","https://openalex.org/W2998303370","https://openalex.org/W1602809313","https://openalex.org/W4389860168","https://openalex.org/W2525440477","https://openalex.org/W3206258668","https://openalex.org/W2119538904","https://openalex.org/W2601752813","https://openalex.org/W2374813830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrity":[0,49],"monitoring":[1],"is":[2,85,97,120,143,171,240],"a":[3,67,73,138,234],"crucial":[4],"concern":[5],"in":[6,25,55,242],"Global":[7],"Navigation":[8],"Satellite":[9],"System":[10],"(GNSS)":[11],"based":[12],"positioning":[13,35,186,236,245],"for":[14,37,246],"railway":[15,248],"transportation.":[16],"The":[17,229],"accurate":[18],"detection":[19],"and":[20,57,77,103,152,161,214,224],"exclusion":[21,215,231],"of":[22,33,42,66,112,178,196],"the":[23,31,34,38,45,59,64,89,92,105,109,124,149,159,162,183,190,194,197,200,203,207,219,225],"fault":[24,61,175,179,223,230],"GNSS":[26,114],"measurements":[27],"will":[28],"greatly":[29],"enhance":[30],"stability":[32],"performance":[36,195],"safety":[39],"critical":[40],"application":[41],"GNSS.":[43],"However,":[44],"existing":[46],"Receiver":[47],"Autonomous":[48],"Monitoring":[50],"(RAIM)":[51],"method":[52,142],"may":[53],"fail":[54],"detecting":[56],"excluding":[58],"incipient":[60,93,110,226],"due":[62],"to":[63,87,99,122,145,157,173,217],"constraint":[65],"Gaussian":[68,83,127],"assumption.":[69],"In":[70,199],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"novel":[74],"Fault":[75],"Detection":[76],"Exclusion":[78],"(FDE)":[79],"approach":[80,209],"with":[81,189,202],"non":[82,126],"assumption":[84],"proposed":[86,144,208],"eliminate":[88,100],"effect":[90],"from":[91],"fault.":[94,228],"Hatch":[95],"filter":[96],"adopted":[98,172],"gross":[101],"errors":[102],"smooth":[104],"observation":[106],"but":[107],"retain":[108],"characteristic":[111],"deviated":[113],"residual.":[115],"A":[116],"sliding":[117],"window-based":[118],"strategy":[119,170],"introduced":[121],"extract":[123],"empirical":[125],"fault-free":[128],"distribution":[129,133],"using":[130],"kernel":[131],"density-based":[132],"fitting.":[134],"Based":[135],"on":[136],"that,":[137],"global/local":[139],"integrated":[140],"test":[141,151,154],"realize":[146,174],"FDE,":[147],"where":[148],"Kolmogorov-Smirnov":[150],"Chi-square":[153],"are":[155],"involved":[156],"detect":[158],"fault(s),":[160],"improved":[163],"Efficient":[164],"Leave":[165],"One":[166],"Block":[167],"Out":[168],"(ELOBO)":[169],"isolation.":[176],"Results":[177],"injection":[180],"tests":[181],"under":[182],"GNSS-based":[184,243],"train":[185,244],"scenario":[187],"established":[188],"field":[191],"data":[192],"demonstrate":[193],"proposal.":[198],"comparison":[201],"Gaussian-domain":[204],"FDE":[205],"method,":[206],"realizes":[210],"an":[211],"enhanced":[212],"sensitivity":[213],"capability":[216,232],"both":[218],"low":[220],"level":[221],"step":[222],"ramp":[227],"ensures":[233],"stable":[235],"precision":[237],"level,":[238],"which":[239],"significant":[241],"specific":[247],"applications.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}