{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293232081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526","title":"Physical-Layer Security for Multiuser Computation Offloading with Lyapunov Optimization","display_name":"Physical-Layer Security for Multiuser Computation Offloading with Lyapunov Optimization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293232081","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028897084","display_name":"Qiuming Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-0844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiuming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013","Nanchang Key laboratory of Virtual Digital Factory and Cultural Communications, Nanchang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanchang Key laboratory of Virtual Digital Factory and Cultural Communications, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336975","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055120020","display_name":"Ruoxuan Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruoxuan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanchang Key laboratory of Virtual Digital Factory and Cultural Communications,Nanchang,China,330013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanchang Key laboratory of Virtual Digital Factory and Cultural Communications,Nanchang,China,330013","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001320500","display_name":"Jianming Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2224-0561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianming Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055939275","display_name":"Shumin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5166-3680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4510145","display_name":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03q0t9252","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shumin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,School of Software Engineering,Nanchang,China,330013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068988831","display_name":"Qiaofu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiaofu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Baolande Software Corporation,Beijing,China,100026"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Baolande Software Corporation,Beijing,China,100026","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028897084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4510145"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2162,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31215239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8481227159500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-optimization","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","score":0.8391433358192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.6998879909515381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation-offloading","display_name":"Computation offloading","score":0.6265923976898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.614082396030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5827677249908447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5500751733779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.485691636800766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45132485032081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44013577699661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43019479513168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.23258697986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.15858393907546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10146287083625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0747370719909668}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8481227159500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.8391433358192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6998879909515381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781041963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18348618","display_name":"Computation offloading","level":4,"score":0.6265923976898193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.614082396030426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5827677249908447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5500751733779907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.485691636800766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45132485032081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44013577699661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43019479513168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.23258697986602783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.15858393907546997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10146287083625793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0747370719909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191544260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238630","display_name":"Lyapunov exponent","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37935115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707085","display_name":"Lyapunov redesign","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2022-spring54318.2022.9860526","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607744","display_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference: (VTC2022-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987183128","https://openalex.org/W2002185399","https://openalex.org/W2034442720","https://openalex.org/W2095114822","https://openalex.org/W2127470768","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2762586323","https://openalex.org/W2904994737","https://openalex.org/W2950340157","https://openalex.org/W3011915012","https://openalex.org/W3014297757","https://openalex.org/W3039859200","https://openalex.org/W3096851133","https://openalex.org/W3119424338","https://openalex.org/W4301852635","https://openalex.org/W6775312755"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3203523248","https://openalex.org/W3120617837","https://openalex.org/W2902693277","https://openalex.org/W4378977105","https://openalex.org/W4200420173","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W4221024145","https://openalex.org/W4285213224","https://openalex.org/W3101855696","https://openalex.org/W3011571330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"Edge":[1],"Computing":[2],"(MEC)":[3],"can":[4,135],"migrate":[5],"traditionally":[6],"deployed":[7],"high-energy-consumption":[8],"and":[9,22,49,69,121],"high-complex":[10],"computing":[11,38,80,92,97],"tasks":[12],"to":[13,61,113],"nearby":[14],"edge":[15],"servers,":[16],"providing":[17],"users":[18],"with":[19,100,145],"faster":[20],"services":[21],"better":[23,137],"network":[24],"performance.":[25],"There":[26],"is":[27,86],"a":[28,57],"security":[29,68],"problem":[30,99],"of":[31,72,103,109,141],"malicious":[32],"access":[33,46],"by":[34],"eavesdroppers":[35],"when":[36],"offloading":[37,59,81,98,123],"tasks.":[39,63],"In":[40],"this":[41,133],"article,":[42],"we":[43],"propose":[44],"an":[45,78,95],"point":[47],"(AP)":[48],"wireless":[50],"devices":[51],"(WDs)":[52],"MEC":[53],"system.":[54],"WDs":[55],"use":[56],"binary":[58],"strategy":[60,124],"calculate":[62],"Taking":[64],"the":[65,70,91,101,105,115],"average":[66],"time":[67,127],"stability":[71],"equipment":[73],"buffer":[74],"queue":[75],"as":[76,112],"constraints,":[77],"online":[79,96],"method":[82,89,134],"based":[83],"on":[84],"Lyapunov":[85],"proposed.":[87],"This":[88],"transforms":[90],"process":[93],"into":[94],"goal":[102],"minimizing":[104],"total":[106],"energy":[107,142],"consumption":[108,143],"WDs,":[110],"so":[111],"decouple":[114],"CPU":[116],"cycle":[117],"frequency,":[118],"transmission":[119],"power":[120],"task":[122],"in":[125,139],"different":[126],"periods.":[128],"Simulation":[129],"results":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132],"achieve":[136],"performance":[138],"terms":[140],"compared":[144],"other":[146],"benchmark":[147],"methods.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
