{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3169942094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","title":"A Proxy Signature-Based Drone Authentication in 5G D2D Networks","display_name":"A Proxy Signature-Based Drone Authentication in 5G D2D Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3169942094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","mag":"3169942094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1924424","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056589126","display_name":"Mai A. Abdel-Malek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0073-6790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mai A. Abdel-Malek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078029373","display_name":"Kemal Akkaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-4545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kemal Akkaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026520386","display_name":"Arupjyoti Bhuyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-7875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800102766","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800102766","https://openalex.org/I2801818860"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arupjyoti Bhuyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idaho National Laboratory,INL Wireless Security Institute,Idaho Falls,ID,83401"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idaho National Laboratory,INL Wireless Security Institute,Idaho Falls,ID,83401","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800102766"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002806452","display_name":"Ahmed S. Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-6625"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed S. Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida International University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Miami,FL,33174","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056589126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.493,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98194906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.8790731430053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8131964206695557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6936296224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6821944713592529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-authentication","display_name":"Mutual authentication","score":0.5476646423339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5029448866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signature","display_name":"Signature (topology)","score":0.49493879079818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication-protocol","display_name":"Authentication protocol","score":0.4870801270008087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.46716582775115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handshake","display_name":"Handshake","score":0.4604331851005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.43818196654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.421896755695343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.8790731430053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8131964206695557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6936296224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6821944713592529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781221063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6944186","display_name":"Mutual authentication","level":3,"score":0.5476646423339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5029448866844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779696439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512811","display_name":"Signature (topology)","level":2,"score":0.49493879079818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21564112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825885","display_name":"Authentication protocol","level":3,"score":0.4870801270008087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46716582775115967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778000800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830043","display_name":"Handshake","level":3,"score":0.4604331851005554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43818196654319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.421896755695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151319957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752739","display_name":"Asynchronous communication","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-spring51267.2021.9448962","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 93rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1924424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1924424","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1924424","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1924424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1924424","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1924424","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306250","display_name":"Battelle","ror":"https://ror.org/01h5tnr73"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338347","display_name":"Idaho National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/00ty2a548"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3169942094.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63556352","https://openalex.org/W1496476314","https://openalex.org/W1514858719","https://openalex.org/W2008524185","https://openalex.org/W2054702684","https://openalex.org/W2116485066","https://openalex.org/W2570516435","https://openalex.org/W2790284307","https://openalex.org/W2905628336","https://openalex.org/W2926335125","https://openalex.org/W2953388901","https://openalex.org/W2969545733","https://openalex.org/W3005810169","https://openalex.org/W3011834181","https://openalex.org/W3034664369","https://openalex.org/W4229838822","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602561615","https://openalex.org/W6630979325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2363600212","https://openalex.org/W2736044769","https://openalex.org/W2963069143","https://openalex.org/W2364805998","https://openalex.org/W2619897385","https://openalex.org/W106082050","https://openalex.org/W2043851470","https://openalex.org/W2399882206","https://openalex.org/W2482813613","https://openalex.org/W3201780008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"5G":[0,50,87,102,124,160],"is":[1,134,188],"the":[2,18,21,30,86,101,119,123,137,153,169,175,185],"beginning":[3],"of":[4,20,23,81,118],"a":[5,13,34,55,92,110,114,131,142],"new":[6],"era":[7],"in":[8,156],"cellular":[9,35],"communication,":[10],"bringing":[11],"up":[12],"highly":[14],"connected":[15,84],"network":[16,126,139],"with":[17,77,100,113],"incorporation":[19],"Internet":[22],"Things":[24],"(IoT).":[25],"To":[26],"flexibly":[27],"operate":[28],"all":[29],"IoT":[31,44,82,171],"devices":[32,45,83],"over":[33],"network,":[36],"Device-to-Device":[37],"(D2D)":[38],"communication":[39],"standard":[40,105],"was":[41],"developed.":[42],"However,":[43],"such":[46],"as":[47,61],"drones":[48],"utilizing":[49],"D2D":[51,103],"services":[52],"could":[53],"be":[54,74],"perfect":[56],"target":[57],"for":[58],"malicious":[59],"attacks":[60],"they":[62,68],"pose":[63],"several":[64],"safety":[65],"threats":[66],"if":[67],"are":[69],"compromised.":[70],"Furthermore,":[71],"there":[72],"will":[73],"heavy":[75],"traffic":[76],"an":[78],"increased":[79],"number":[80],"to":[85,122,145,148,173],"core.":[88],"Therefore,":[89],"we":[90,108],"propose":[91,109],"lightweight,":[93],"fast,":[94],"and":[95,179,190],"reliable":[96],"authentication":[97,112],"mechanism":[98],"compatible":[99],"ProSe":[104],"mechanisms.":[106],"Specifically,":[107],"distributed":[111],"delegation-based":[115],"scheme":[116],"instead":[117],"repeated":[120],"access":[121],"core":[125,138],"key":[127],"management":[128],"functions.":[129],"Hence,":[130],"legitimate":[132],"drone":[133,176],"authorized":[135],"by":[136],"via":[140],"offering":[141],"proxy":[143],"signature":[144],"authenticate":[146],"itself":[147],"other":[149],"drones.":[150],"We":[151,163],"implemented":[152],"proposed":[154,186],"protocol":[155,187],"ns-3":[157],"that":[158,184],"supports":[159],"D2D-based":[161],"communication.":[162],"also":[164],"conducted":[165],"computational":[166],"calculations":[167],"on":[168],"RaspberryPi3":[170],"device":[172],"mimic":[174],"calculation":[177],"process":[178],"delays.":[180],"The":[181],"results":[182],"demonstrate":[183],"lightweight":[189],"reliable.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
