{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200526042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449","title":"Reinforcement Learning-Based Joint Cooperation Clustering and Content Caching in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning-Based Joint Cooperation Clustering and Content Caching in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200526042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607774","display_name":"2021 IEEE 94th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Fall)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 94th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052576795","display_name":"Ronald Y. Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4620-6824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Y. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Information Technology Innovation,Academia Sinica,Taiwan","Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation,Academia Sinica,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082618905","display_name":"Sung-Fu Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086894","display_name":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica","ror":"https://ror.org/000zgvm20","country_code":"TW","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894","https://openalex.org/I84653119"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Fu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Information Technology Innovation,Academia Sinica,Taiwan","Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation,Academia Sinica,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086894"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101887836","display_name":"Feng\u2010Tsun Chien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1715-9961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng-Tsun Chien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University,Taiwan","Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0197,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95445545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8390252590179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.832565188407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7834446430206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.6674362421035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6493425965309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6157313585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44942566752433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38813596963882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27098652720451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08302071690559387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8390252590179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.832565188407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7834446430206299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.6674362421035767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6493425965309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6157313585281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44942566752433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38813596963882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27098652720451355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08302071690559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2021-fall52928.2021.9625449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607774","display_name":"2021 IEEE 94th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Fall)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 94th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2021-Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G989139886","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 109-2221-E-001-013-MY3,MOST 109-2221-E-009-101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2746390786","https://openalex.org/W2817829786","https://openalex.org/W2919645791","https://openalex.org/W2922381956","https://openalex.org/W2945082786","https://openalex.org/W2946202044","https://openalex.org/W2963155944","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W2965123227","https://openalex.org/W2991708646","https://openalex.org/W3011596843","https://openalex.org/W3016107256","https://openalex.org/W3104205931","https://openalex.org/W3215888462","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6786111068"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W4380318855","https://openalex.org/W3084456289","https://openalex.org/W2024136090","https://openalex.org/W4391331176","https://openalex.org/W2031695474","https://openalex.org/W2586732548","https://openalex.org/W2964765435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,50,58],"previously":[4],"unexamined":[5],"problem":[6],"of":[7,28,60],"joint":[8,40,85],"cooperation":[9,41,54],"clustering":[10,42],"and":[11,43,102],"content":[12,44,111],"caching":[13,45,73],"in":[14],"a":[15,25,80],"cache-enabled":[16],"cell-free":[17],"massive":[18],"multiple-input":[19],"multiple-output":[20],"(CF-mMIMO)":[21],"network":[22,97],"that":[23,52],"comprises":[24],"large":[26],"number":[27],"access":[29,62],"points":[30,63],"(APs)":[31,64],"collaboratively":[32],"serving":[33,61],"users":[34],"without":[35],"cell":[36],"structure":[37],"limitations.":[38],"A":[39],"design":[46,86],"is":[47,76],"motivated":[48],"by":[49],"observation":[51],"forming":[53],"clusters":[55],"(i.e.,":[56],"determining":[57],"sets":[59],"for":[65,88],"users)":[66],"based":[67],"on":[68],"channel":[69],"quality":[70],"alone":[71,75],"or":[72],"status":[74],"suboptimal.":[77],"We":[78],"develop":[79],"deep":[81],"reinforcement":[82],"learning":[83],"(DRL)-based":[84],"scheme":[87,94],"dynamic":[89],"CF-mMIMO":[90],"networks.":[91],"The":[92],"proposed":[93],"demonstrates":[95],"favorable":[96],"energy":[98],"efficiency":[99],"(EE)":[100],"performance":[101],"does":[103],"not":[104],"require":[105],"prior":[106],"information":[107],"such":[108],"as":[109],"user":[110],"preferences.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}