{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3040323948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","title":"Performance Analysis of HAPS-Based Relaying for Hybrid FSO/RF Downlink Satellite Communication","display_name":"Performance Analysis of HAPS-Based Relaying for Hybrid FSO/RF Downlink Satellite Communication","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3040323948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","mag":"3040323948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/144695/2/Performance%20Analysis%20of%20HAPS-Based%20Relaying%20for%20...pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036877094","display_name":"R Swaminathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8254-0144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Swaminathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore","Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore,","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055330742","display_name":"Shubha Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-5557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubha Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Discipline of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055069205","display_name":"A. S. Madhukumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-634X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. S. MadhuKumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055069205"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.7348,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99278133,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.945900022983551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6886144280433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6714070439338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.6309909820556641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backup","display_name":"Backup","score":0.6164355874061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5620201826095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-space-optical-communication","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","score":0.5601112246513367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5210354328155518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4992971420288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.493010014295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48471856117248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.46753212809562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4499068856239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4251108169555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.3221932649612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28484347462654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20247632265090942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11527767777442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.0993075966835022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6886144280433655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6714070439338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.6309909820556641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.6164355874061584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5620201826095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197000039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2027432","display_name":"Free-space optical communication","level":3,"score":0.5601112246513367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5210354328155518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4992971420288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.493010014295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48471856117248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.46753212809562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4499068856239319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4251108169555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.3221932649612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28484347462654114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20247632265090942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11527767777442932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0993075966835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129403","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/144695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/144695","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/144695/2/Performance%20Analysis%20of%20HAPS-Based%20Relaying%20for%20...pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/144695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/144695","pdf_url":"https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/144695/2/Performance%20Analysis%20of%20HAPS-Based%20Relaying%20for%20...pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040323948.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3040323948.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W598996319","https://openalex.org/W604181985","https://openalex.org/W2021986135","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2123967481","https://openalex.org/W2139794367","https://openalex.org/W2237628700","https://openalex.org/W2255106211","https://openalex.org/W2553468369","https://openalex.org/W2943454085","https://openalex.org/W3098949437"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001881550","https://openalex.org/W4307466823","https://openalex.org/W4323644463","https://openalex.org/W3190067151","https://openalex.org/W174954854","https://openalex.org/W3212839496","https://openalex.org/W2023272503","https://openalex.org/W2374479570","https://openalex.org/W2362925333","https://openalex.org/W2154623679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Free":[0],"space":[1],"optics":[2],"(FSO)":[3],"communication":[4,72],"has":[5],"garnered":[6],"significant":[7],"importance":[8],"to":[9,15,43,51],"provide":[10],"gigabit":[11],"capacity":[12],"links":[13,50],"owing":[14],"its":[16,20],"unique":[17],"features.":[18],"However,":[19],"performance":[21,54,101],"is":[22,41,65,109],"limited":[23],"by":[24],"the":[25,53,78,103,121],"adverse":[26],"effects":[27],"of":[28,55,60,102],"transmission":[29],"medium":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32],"atmospheric":[33],"turbulence":[34],"induced":[35],"fading,":[36],"wind,":[37],"etc.":[38],"Therefore,":[39],"it":[40],"wise":[42],"backup":[44],"with":[45],"reliable":[46],"radio":[47],"frequency":[48],"(RF)":[49],"improve":[52],"FSO":[56,61,96],"communication.":[57],"The":[58,100],"fusion":[59],"and":[62,97,113],"RF":[63,98],"technologies":[64],"a":[66,82],"suitable":[67],"candidate":[68],"for":[69,86,91,125],"future":[70],"satellite":[71],"(SATCOM)":[73],"systems.":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76],"context,":[77],"present":[79],"paper":[80],"proposes":[81],"novel":[83],"system":[84,108],"model":[85],"High-Altitude":[87],"Pseudo-Satellite":[88],"(HAPS)-based":[89],"relaying":[90],"downlink":[92],"scenario":[93],"utilizing":[94],"both":[95],"links.":[99],"proposed":[104],"hybrid":[105],"FSO/RF":[106],"SATCOM":[107],"investigated":[110],"through":[111],"average":[112,126],"asymptotic":[114],"symbol":[115],"error":[116],"probability":[117],"(SEP)":[118],"analyses.":[119],"Further,":[120],"obtained":[122],"closed-form":[123],"expressions":[124],"SEP":[127],"are":[128],"validated":[129],"using":[130],"Monte-Carlo":[131],"simulation":[132],"results.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}