{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008393814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","title":"QoS Evaluation and Prediction for C-V2X Communication in Commercially-Deployed LTE and Mobile Edge Networks","display_name":"QoS Evaluation and Prediction for C-V2X Communication in Commercially-Deployed LTE and Mobile Edge Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008393814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","mag":"3008393814"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.07883","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047493066","display_name":"Luis Torres-Figueroa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6266-7535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127444","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02fez3815","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luis Torres-Figueroa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","[Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103235175","display_name":"Henning F. Schepker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-2570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127444","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02fez3815","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henning F. Schepker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","[Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075782808","display_name":"Josef Jiru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-4702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127444","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/02fez3815","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","display_name":"Fraunhofer Society","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkkdn48","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josef Jiru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","Fraunhofer Society"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047493066"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3988438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7078264951705933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.668574333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6470927000045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5806755423545837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enabling","display_name":"Enabling","score":0.5682948231697083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5644025802612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5582531690597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-indicator","display_name":"Performance indicator","score":0.5172284841537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.455073744058609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.42026007175445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handover","display_name":"Handover","score":0.4147986173629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4114507734775543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33752864599227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23397305607795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.16526326537132263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7078264951705933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.668574333190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6470927000045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5806755423545837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22607594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375150","display_name":"Enabling","level":2,"score":0.5682948231697083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5644025802612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5582531690597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.5172284841537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.455073744058609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.42026007175445557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111852164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414679","display_name":"Handover","level":2,"score":0.4147986173629761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4114507734775543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33752864599227905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23397305607795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.16526326537132263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2002.07883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.07883","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.07883","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-593528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-593528.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IKS","raw_type":"conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/408347","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/408347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2002.07883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2002.07883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.24406/publica-r-408347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-r-408347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052912","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur F\u00f6rderung der angewandten Forschung e.V","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:3008393814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2002.07883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2002.07883","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.07883","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1802849997","https://openalex.org/W2012484142","https://openalex.org/W2154053567","https://openalex.org/W2283452892","https://openalex.org/W2756968191","https://openalex.org/W2771012340","https://openalex.org/W2784189955","https://openalex.org/W2892020207","https://openalex.org/W2962808588","https://openalex.org/W2963775970","https://openalex.org/W2970246576","https://openalex.org/W2996261602","https://openalex.org/W3103061900","https://openalex.org/W6637386731","https://openalex.org/W6638416095","https://openalex.org/W6682933812","https://openalex.org/W6771847573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161844412","https://openalex.org/W1633582607","https://openalex.org/W2899373039","https://openalex.org/W2518982751","https://openalex.org/W2592937470","https://openalex.org/W2341474149","https://openalex.org/W2791710038","https://openalex.org/W2790783612","https://openalex.org/W3128244739","https://openalex.org/W2466299575","https://openalex.org/W3112375703","https://openalex.org/W2970710959","https://openalex.org/W2758957831","https://openalex.org/W839486842","https://openalex.org/W122368643","https://openalex.org/W2518951596","https://openalex.org/W2188269051","https://openalex.org/W2597309461","https://openalex.org/W2753582064","https://openalex.org/W2231240444"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellular":[0],"vehicle-to-everything":[1],"(C-V2X)":[2],"communication":[3],"is":[4,158],"a":[5,92,105,141,178],"key":[6,100],"enabler":[7],"for":[8],"future":[9],"cooperative":[10],"automated":[11],"driving":[12],"and":[13,82,98,140,182],"safety-related":[14],"applications.":[15],"The":[16],"requirements":[17,47],"they":[18],"demand":[19],"in":[20,148,160],"terms":[21],"of":[22,24,121,134],"Quality":[23],"Service":[25],"(QoS)":[26],"performance":[27,101],"vary":[28],"according":[29],"to":[30,56,65,130,176],"the":[31,117,132,184],"use":[32,127,173],"case.":[33],"For":[34,152],"instance,":[35],"Day-1":[36,67],"applications":[37,68],"such":[38],"as":[39],"Emergency":[40],"Brake":[41],"Light":[42],"warning":[43],"have":[44],"less":[45],"strict":[46],"than":[48,109],"remote":[49],"driving.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52,128],"paper,":[53],"we":[54,89,171],"seek":[55],"answer":[57],"two":[58],"questions:":[59],"Are":[60],"current":[61],"LTE":[62,99,112,123],"networks":[63],"ready":[64],"support":[66],"at":[69],"all":[70],"times?":[71],"And,":[72],"can":[73],"underperforming":[74],"situations":[75],"be":[76],"reliably":[77],"predicted":[78],"based":[79],"on":[80],"GPS":[81],"network-related":[83],"information?":[84],"To":[85],"address":[86],"these":[87],"questions,":[88],"first":[90],"implement":[91],"system":[93,129],"that":[94],"collects":[95],"positioning":[96],"data":[97],"indicators":[102],"(KPIs)":[103],"with":[104],"higher":[106],"time":[107],"resolution":[108],"commercial":[110],"off-the-shelf":[111],"modems,":[113],"while":[114],"simultaneously":[115],"measuring":[116],"end-to-end":[118],"(E2E)":[119],"delay":[120],"an":[122,149,155],"network.":[124],"We":[125],"then":[126],"assess":[131],"readiness":[133],"multiple":[135],"mobile":[136],"network":[137],"operators":[138],"(MNOs)":[139],"live":[142],"Mobile":[143],"Edge":[144],"Computing":[145],"(MEC)":[146],"deployment":[147],"urban":[150],"scenario.":[151],"evaluating":[153],"whether":[154],"adaptable":[156],"operation":[157],"possible":[159],"adverse":[161],"circumstances,":[162],"e.g.,":[163],"by":[164],"performing":[165],"hybrid":[166],"networking":[167],"or":[168],"graceful":[169],"degradation,":[170],"finally":[172],"Machine":[174],"Learning":[175],"generate":[177],"client-based":[179],"QoS":[180,186],"predictor":[181],"forecast":[183],"achievable":[185],"levels.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
