{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3039576648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","title":"Large Intelligent Surface for Positioning in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems","display_name":"Large Intelligent Surface for Positioning in Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3039576648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","mag":"3039576648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/publication/518180/file/518180_Fulltext.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039927858","display_name":"Jiguang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6227-2138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiguang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, FI, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, FI, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033860704","display_name":"Henk Wymeersch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-6159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henk Wymeersch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007014802","display_name":"Long Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-7489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliablility and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliablility and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036240267","display_name":"Olli S\u00edlven","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-804X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olli Silven","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, FI, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, FI, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029534229","display_name":"Markku Juntti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-1896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markku Juntti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, FI, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, FI, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039927858"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4866,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":181,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99305249,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7379620671272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.7128416299819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6827883720397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5990288853645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter","display_name":"Millimeter","score":0.4788255989551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4555041790008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.43436312675476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-resolution","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","score":0.43294352293014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4257120192050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28212782740592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19459399580955505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18276271224021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14947086572647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.11301153898239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09950321912765503}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7379620671272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.7128416299819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6827883720397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5990288853645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.4788255989551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4555041790008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.43436312675476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133848361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4764027","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","level":2,"score":0.43294352293014526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4257120192050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28212782740592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19459399580955505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18276271224021912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14947086572647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.11301153898239136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09950321912765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9129075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:518180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/518180","pdf_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/publication/518180/file/518180_Fulltext.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/43600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9129075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring) (2020); 2020 IEEE 91st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Spring), from 25-05-2020 to 28-05-2020","raw_type":"peer reviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:518180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/518180","pdf_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/publication/518180/file/518180_Fulltext.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3039576648.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2296616510","https://openalex.org/W2309512289","https://openalex.org/W2557998141","https://openalex.org/W2593683299","https://openalex.org/W2617211273","https://openalex.org/W2774426431","https://openalex.org/W2887731276","https://openalex.org/W2896583658","https://openalex.org/W2907566559","https://openalex.org/W2948083877","https://openalex.org/W2963809637","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2995103770","https://openalex.org/W3010264114","https://openalex.org/W3098870078","https://openalex.org/W4250955649","https://openalex.org/W6755599637"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2317169686","https://openalex.org/W2785107490","https://openalex.org/W1185324648","https://openalex.org/W2539553997","https://openalex.org/W3159902002","https://openalex.org/W3110590130","https://openalex.org/W4287562279","https://openalex.org/W3208155863","https://openalex.org/W2363237216","https://openalex.org/W2033762247"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Millimeter-wave":[0],"(mmWave)":[1],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(MIMO)":[4],"system":[5],"for":[6,57],"the":[7,36,49,61,64,70,76,82,106],"fifth":[8],"generation":[9],"(5G)":[10],"cellular":[11],"communications":[12],"can":[13,99],"also":[14],"enable":[15],"single-anchor":[16],"positioning":[17,46],"and":[18,26,59,69,89,109],"object":[19],"tracking":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,44,81],"its":[23],"large":[24,40],"bandwidth":[25],"inherently":[27],"high":[28],"angular":[29],"resolution.":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32],"paper,":[33],"we":[34],"introduce":[35],"newly":[37],"invented":[38],"concept,":[39],"intelligent":[41],"surface":[42],"(LIS),":[43],"mmWave":[45],"systems,":[47],"study":[48],"theoretical":[50,107],"performance":[51,98],"bounds":[52],"(i.e.,":[53],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[54],"lower":[55],"bounds)":[56],"positioning,":[58],"evaluate":[60],"impact":[62],"of":[63,66,72],"number":[65],"LIS":[67,104],"elements":[68],"value":[71],"phase":[73],"shifters":[74],"on":[75],"position":[77],"estimation":[78],"accuracy":[79],"compared":[80],"conventional":[83],"scheme":[84],"with":[85,102],"one":[86,90],"direct":[87],"link":[88],"non-line-of-sight":[91],"path.":[92],"It":[93],"is":[94],"verified":[95],"that":[96],"better":[97],"be":[100],"achieved":[101],"a":[103],"from":[105],"analyses":[108],"numerical":[110],"study.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
