{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1911810739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","title":"Time-frequency code for multicarrier DS-CDMA systems","display_name":"Time-frequency code for multicarrier DS-CDMA systems","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1911810739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","mag":"1911810739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007042802","display_name":"Yi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2957-4203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sate Key Lab. On Microwave & Digital Commun., Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sate Key Lab. On Microwave & Digital Commun., Tsinghua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100750447","display_name":"Lu Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8906-7751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077996394","display_name":"Ming Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2317-5359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450146","display_name":"Jun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8604-9689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067710600","display_name":"Zhongpei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2772-9937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongpei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079917819","display_name":"Yan Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8785-5030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State KEy Laboratory On Microwave & Digital Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1224","last_page":"1227 vol.3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.7869095206260681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trellis-modulation","display_name":"Trellis modulation","score":0.6529935598373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6491289138793945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-gain","display_name":"Diversity gain","score":0.6294614672660828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-diversity","display_name":"Time diversity","score":0.5836388468742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.570276141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Code division multiple access","score":0.5441324710845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-scheme","display_name":"Diversity scheme","score":0.5148431658744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space\u2013time-trellis-code","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","score":0.5136796832084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.482978492975235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47577038407325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.45225170254707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.44347333908081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.41573694348335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.37982332706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.29674482345581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.29598215222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.25911229848861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.21612057089805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.21380922198295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20136484503746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.14264589548110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11917227506637573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.7869095206260681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197712280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557200","display_name":"Trellis modulation","level":4,"score":0.6529935598373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6491289138793945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.6294614672660828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779512956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805300","display_name":"Time diversity","level":4,"score":0.5836388468742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.570276141166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.5441324710845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198746922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230593","display_name":"Diversity scheme","level":4,"score":0.5148431658744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5546382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572755","display_name":"Space\u2013time trellis code","level":5,"score":0.5136796832084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.482978492975235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47577038407325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.45225170254707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.44347333908081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.41573694348335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.37982332706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.29674482345581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.29598215222358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.25911229848861694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.21612057089805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.21380922198295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20136484503746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14264589548110962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11917227506637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vtc.2002.1002809","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vehicular Technology Conference. IEEE 55th Vehicular Technology Conference. VTC Spring 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37367)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485843586","https://openalex.org/W1885092831","https://openalex.org/W1989935067","https://openalex.org/W1994008332","https://openalex.org/W2022841133","https://openalex.org/W2082025422","https://openalex.org/W2118040894","https://openalex.org/W2128929377","https://openalex.org/W2138986309","https://openalex.org/W2142262789","https://openalex.org/W2167678457","https://openalex.org/W2358604001","https://openalex.org/W6629020187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105499258","https://openalex.org/W2047188227","https://openalex.org/W2093799129","https://openalex.org/W1529025206","https://openalex.org/W1968542401","https://openalex.org/W2500704223","https://openalex.org/W2906297164","https://openalex.org/W2152770076","https://openalex.org/W2356269876","https://openalex.org/W1911810739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"novel":[1,74],"trellis":[2,75],"coded":[3,76],"modulation":[4,77],"scheme":[5],"for":[6,49],"a":[7,29],"multicarrier":[8],"DS-CDMA":[9],"system":[10,71,86],"is":[11,78],"studied":[12],"in":[13,23],"this":[14],"paper.":[15],"Based":[16],"on":[17],"the":[18,24,43,58,64,70,73,84],"concept":[19],"of":[20,42,69,83],"transmission":[21],"diversity":[22,35],"time-frequency":[25],"domain,":[26],"we":[27,46],"propose":[28],"code":[30],"design":[31],"criterion":[32],"that":[33,51,63,82],"includes":[34],"gain":[36,55],"and":[37],"coding":[38,54],"gain.":[39],"In":[40],"terms":[41],"proposed":[44],"criterion,":[45],"can":[47],"search":[48],"codes":[50],"have":[52],"larger":[53],"while":[56,87],"keeping":[57],"maximum":[59],"diversity.":[60],"Results":[61],"show":[62],"bit":[65],"error":[66],"rate":[67],"performance":[68],"with":[72],"much":[79],"better":[80],"than":[81],"traditional":[85],"not":[88],"occupying":[89],"additional":[90],"spectral":[91],"bandwidth.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}