{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3024135343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","title":"Exploring the Differences of Visual Discomfort Caused by Long-term Immersion between Virtual Environments and Physical Environments","display_name":"Exploring the Differences of Visual Discomfort Caused by Long-term Immersion between Virtual Environments and Physical Environments","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3024135343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","mag":"3024135343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608475","display_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709306","display_name":"Jie Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7411-4751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080838784","display_name":"Dongdong Weng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2352-0896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongdong Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046565976","display_name":"Hui Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9365-7420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061318346","display_name":"Zhenliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3620-7228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012925721","display_name":"Jiamin Ping","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6492-3355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiamin Ping","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100320085","display_name":"Yue Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6784-8802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026250850","display_name":"Yongtian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9422-0888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongtian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MRAD of Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"443","last_page":"452"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11408","display_name":"Advanced Optical Imaging Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12496","display_name":"Color perception and design","score":0.9593999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.8832394480705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6115147471427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6084425449371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5900928974151611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5684422254562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.42684903740882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3430420756340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13495862483978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07461383938789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06997832655906677}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8832394480705261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6115147471427917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6084425449371338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5900928974151611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5684422254562378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.42684903740882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3430420756340027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13495862483978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07461383938789368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06997832655906677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr46266.2020.1581306543750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608475","display_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970241289","https://openalex.org/W1990375475","https://openalex.org/W1991012411","https://openalex.org/W1997247158","https://openalex.org/W2006050247","https://openalex.org/W2012027584","https://openalex.org/W2017375493","https://openalex.org/W2017598974","https://openalex.org/W2032228378","https://openalex.org/W2035394464","https://openalex.org/W2043768044","https://openalex.org/W2055127933","https://openalex.org/W2055506901","https://openalex.org/W2070252312","https://openalex.org/W2071215013","https://openalex.org/W2071570303","https://openalex.org/W2076904349","https://openalex.org/W2079352868","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2099287431","https://openalex.org/W2126763925","https://openalex.org/W2134863775","https://openalex.org/W2148291811","https://openalex.org/W2161791892","https://openalex.org/W2210498715","https://openalex.org/W2257993948","https://openalex.org/W2267100846","https://openalex.org/W2401398128","https://openalex.org/W2501857163","https://openalex.org/W2550739640","https://openalex.org/W2575400625","https://openalex.org/W2580327087","https://openalex.org/W2581752842","https://openalex.org/W2599428937","https://openalex.org/W2619269218","https://openalex.org/W2725603367","https://openalex.org/W2790129205","https://openalex.org/W2907668770","https://openalex.org/W2917828945","https://openalex.org/W2999773165","https://openalex.org/W4235090768","https://openalex.org/W6732395948"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378132701","https://openalex.org/W3000714840","https://openalex.org/W2902011785","https://openalex.org/W2499924112","https://openalex.org/W2017424540","https://openalex.org/W3178192039","https://openalex.org/W2974872513","https://openalex.org/W3115224380","https://openalex.org/W2382303480","https://openalex.org/W4390949320"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,32,35,38,54,62,84,89,94,102,111,115,133,141,153,174],"effects":[3],"of":[4,145,158,176],"visual":[5,23,46,67,78,86,109,130,159,177],"discomfort":[6,24,68],"caused":[7],"by":[8],"long-term":[9,134,162],"immersing":[10,163],"in":[11,25,105,161,164,173],"virtual":[12],"environments":[13],"(VEs),":[14],"we":[15],"conducted":[16],"a":[17,49,59,150],"comparative":[18],"study":[19],"to":[20,75,114,128,152,170],"evaluate":[21,76],"users\u2019":[22],"an":[26],"eight-hour":[27],"working":[28],"rhythm":[29],"and":[30,37,57,69,93,132],"compared":[31,113],"differences":[33],"between":[34],"VEs":[36,107],"physical":[39,63,116],"environments.":[40,117],"Twenty-seven":[41],"participants":[42],"performed":[43],"four":[44],"different":[45],"tasks":[47],"with":[48,58],"head-mounted":[50],"display":[51],"(HMD)":[52],"for":[53,61,101],"VE":[55],"condition":[56],"monitor":[60],"condition.":[64],"Their":[65],"subjective":[66,85,129],"objective":[70,90],"oculomotor":[71],"indicators":[72],"were":[73],"measured":[74],"their":[77],"performances.":[79],"The":[80,118],"results":[81,119],"show":[82,121],"that":[83,122],"fatigue":[87,110,160,178],"symptoms,":[88],"pupil":[91,123],"size,":[92],"relative":[95],"accommodation":[96,143],"response":[97,144],"vary":[98],"across":[99],"time":[100],"two":[103],"conditions,":[104],"which":[106,166],"affects":[108],"most":[112],"also":[120],"size":[124],"is":[125,149],"negatively":[126],"related":[127],"fatigue,":[131],"work":[135,148],"based":[136],"on":[137],"displays":[138],"only":[139],"influences":[140],"maximum":[142],"participants.":[146],"This":[147],"supplement":[151],"necessary":[154],"but":[155],"insufficient-researched":[156],"field":[157],"VEs,":[165],"should":[167],"be":[168],"valuable":[169],"researchers":[171],"involved":[172],"evaluation":[175],"using":[179],"HMDs.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}