{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967515585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","title":"Haptic Rendering for Chinese Characters Recognition","display_name":"Haptic Rendering for Chinese Characters Recognition","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967515585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","mag":"2967515585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100967265","display_name":"Xinli Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinli Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101197579","display_name":"Jiali Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4529-2437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiali Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029129576","display_name":"Minxiong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minxiong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049468597","display_name":"Wenzhen Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-1497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1328775524","display_name":"Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/03893we55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenzhen Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virtual Reality Laboratory, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1328775524"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044327434","display_name":"Zhigeng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0717-5850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110242","display_name":"Digital Science (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/020h4b682","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242","https://openalex.org/I4210112888","https://openalex.org/I4210118830"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhigeng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Media & Interaction Research Center, Hangzhou Normal University","Guangzhou NINED Digital Technology Co"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Media & Interaction Research Center, Hangzhou Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangzhou NINED Digital Technology Co","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1239","last_page":"1240"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11687","display_name":"Teleoperation and Haptic Systems","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chrominance","display_name":"Chrominance","score":0.8969769477844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7587674856185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7538478374481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6538918018341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.5593633651733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.5469220280647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.4396756887435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-characters","display_name":"Chinese characters","score":0.4327428936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom","display_name":"Zoom","score":0.42836302518844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-flow","display_name":"Vector flow","score":0.4102065861225128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.37466269731521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3421897888183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.28878217935562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20314732193946838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luminance","display_name":"Luminance","score":0.15681514143943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11474007368087769}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163204269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355263","display_name":"Chrominance","level":3,"score":0.8969769477844238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7587674856185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7538478374481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6538918018341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.5593633651733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.5469220280647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4396756887435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.4327428936958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124913957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232548","display_name":"Zoom","level":3,"score":0.42836302518844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20749125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7917826","display_name":"Vector flow","level":4,"score":0.4102065861225128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37466269731521606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3421897888183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.28878217935562134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20314732193946838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73313986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355386","display_name":"Luminance","level":2,"score":0.15681514143943787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11474007368087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vr.2019.8797984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519314740","https://openalex.org/W2032837934","https://openalex.org/W2769356681"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005759937","https://openalex.org/W2225603070","https://openalex.org/W2034025452","https://openalex.org/W3204377033","https://openalex.org/W2112392814","https://openalex.org/W4294686918","https://openalex.org/W1519205427","https://openalex.org/W2332068595","https://openalex.org/W1536358458","https://openalex.org/W2141614661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"explores":[2],"new":[3],"approaches":[4],"to":[5,38,42,62],"recognize":[6],"Chinese":[7,93,101],"characters":[8,102],"in":[9,103],"images":[10,104],"through":[11],"touch":[12,109],"sense.":[13],"We":[14],"extract":[15],"the":[16,26,33,71,78,82,87],"gradient":[17],"image":[18,40],"fused":[19],"with":[20,47,58,111],"brightness":[21],"and":[22,31,65,84],"chrominance":[23],"information":[24,68],"by":[25,108],"flow-based":[27],"Gauss":[28],"difference":[29],"algorithm,":[30],"use":[32,53],"edge":[34,49],"tangential":[35],"flow":[36],"method":[37],"smooth":[39,44],"contour,":[41],"obtain":[43],"character":[45,94],"contours":[46],"significant":[48],"features.":[50],"Then,":[51],"we":[52,90],"a":[54,92],"tactile":[55,67,95],"generation":[56],"algorithm":[57],"five":[59],"mechanical":[60],"elements":[61],"generate":[63],"stable":[64],"continuous":[66],"based":[69],"on":[70],"normal":[72],"vector":[73],"of":[74,77,86],"triangular":[75],"patches":[76],"surface.":[79],"To":[80],"verify":[81],"feasibility":[83],"effectiveness":[85],"proposed":[88],"methods,":[89],"developed":[91],"sensing":[96],"system.":[97],"Experiments":[98],"show":[99],"that":[100],"can":[105],"be":[106],"recognized":[107],"sense":[110],"higher":[112],"recognition":[113],"accuracy":[114],"rate.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}