{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2912530467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","title":"CommPact: Evaluating the Feasibility of Autonomous Vehicle Contracts","display_name":"CommPact: Evaluating the Feasibility of Autonomous Vehicle Contracts","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2912530467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","mag":"2912530467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024289721","display_name":"Jeremy Lee Erickson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Erickson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101708652","display_name":"Shibo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9522-8934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shibo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016874558","display_name":"Melisa Savich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7988-4900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melisa Savich","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052229321","display_name":"Shengtuo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengtuo Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003217329","display_name":"Z. Morley Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-2055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z. Morley Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024289721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69057415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platoon","display_name":"Platoon","score":0.871889054775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake","display_name":"Brake","score":0.5718905925750732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5718438625335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5531561970710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5407028794288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.43615081906318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.4269815683364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4041934609413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.27594220638275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20593532919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14718618988990784}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061967","display_name":"Platoon","level":3,"score":0.871889054775238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780999251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17022503","display_name":"Brake","level":2,"score":0.5718905925750732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5718438625335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5531561970710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5407028794288635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.43615081906318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4269815683364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4041934609413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.27594220638275146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20593532919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14718618988990784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vnc.2018.8628319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87635799","https://openalex.org/W1508196137","https://openalex.org/W1665851364","https://openalex.org/W1852007091","https://openalex.org/W1941695774","https://openalex.org/W1968499534","https://openalex.org/W1974046185","https://openalex.org/W1991275864","https://openalex.org/W1995549873","https://openalex.org/W2011477052","https://openalex.org/W2016654760","https://openalex.org/W2023835067","https://openalex.org/W2036329595","https://openalex.org/W2041647218","https://openalex.org/W2048204880","https://openalex.org/W2061643296","https://openalex.org/W2105273897","https://openalex.org/W2116520617","https://openalex.org/W2117594465","https://openalex.org/W2153955900","https://openalex.org/W2398262958","https://openalex.org/W2404488291","https://openalex.org/W2547797709","https://openalex.org/W2581667525","https://openalex.org/W2586979274","https://openalex.org/W2593994116","https://openalex.org/W2594560662","https://openalex.org/W2606774910","https://openalex.org/W2619461541","https://openalex.org/W2727025244","https://openalex.org/W2741651807","https://openalex.org/W2752558064","https://openalex.org/W2765830227","https://openalex.org/W2789620580","https://openalex.org/W2795955297","https://openalex.org/W2951181522","https://openalex.org/W2963395756","https://openalex.org/W6603557143","https://openalex.org/W6638906098","https://openalex.org/W6640751299","https://openalex.org/W6712590282","https://openalex.org/W6734345789","https://openalex.org/W6740257447"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W620645464","https://openalex.org/W2037382221","https://openalex.org/W2359699189","https://openalex.org/W2519205527","https://openalex.org/W3086776355","https://openalex.org/W751146449","https://openalex.org/W2621143239","https://openalex.org/W2358021261","https://openalex.org/W3000436117","https://openalex.org/W2997050462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,38],"Autonomous":[1,49],"Vehicle":[2,50],"(AV)":[3],"platooning,":[4],"vehicles":[5,174],"queue":[6],"up":[7],"with":[8],"minimal":[9],"following":[10],"distances":[11],"for":[12],"improved":[13],"traffic":[14],"density":[15],"and":[16,24,141,190],"fuel":[17],"economy.":[18],"If":[19],"one":[20],"vehicle":[21,192],"is":[22,81,102],"compromised":[23],"suddenly":[25],"brakes,":[26],"these":[27],"AVs":[28,54,109],"will":[29,89],"most":[30],"likely":[31],"be":[32,90,139,170],"unable":[33],"to":[34,46,57,61,71,104,108,172,211],"prevent":[35],"a":[36,43,68,75,152,213],"collision.":[37],"this":[39],"work,":[40],"we":[41,133],"propose":[42],"proactive":[44],"approach":[45],"platooning":[47],"security:":[48],"contracts,":[51],"in":[52,82,92,144],"which":[53],"are":[55,196],"architected":[56],"use":[58],"secure":[59],"enclaves":[60],"enforce":[62],"agreed-upon":[63],"driving":[64],"rules,":[65],"such":[66],"as":[67,110,112],"restriction":[69],"not":[70],"brake":[72],"harder":[73],"than":[74],"certain":[76],"threshold":[77],"while":[78,96,150],"the":[79,145,173,204],"contract":[80,117,180],"effect.":[83],"We":[84,164],"explore":[85],"whether":[86],"AV":[87,136,209],"contracts":[88,137,210],"feasible":[91],"worst-case":[93],"emergency":[94,149],"situations":[95],"simultaneously":[97],"under":[98,157,179],"attack,":[99,186],"when":[100],"it":[101],"imperative":[103],"return":[105],"full":[106],"autonomy":[107,168],"soon":[111],"possible.":[113],"Through":[114],"our":[115],"prototype":[116],"implementation":[118],"using":[119],"Intel":[120],"SGX":[121],"enclaves,":[122],"including":[123,187],"measurement":[124],"from":[125],"real-world":[126],"testing":[127],"of":[128,147,156,162,175,184],"wireless":[129],"On-Board":[130],"Units":[131],"(OBUs),":[132],"show":[134],"that":[135,166],"can":[138,169],"quickly":[140],"safely":[142],"terminated":[143],"event":[146],"an":[148,176,185],"retaining":[151],"false":[153],"positive":[154],"rate":[155],"0.001%":[158],"per":[159],"10":[160],"hours":[161],"use.":[163],"find":[165,203],"individual":[167],"returned":[171],"8-vehicle":[177],"platoon":[178],"within":[181],"1.5":[182],"seconds":[183],"both":[188],"detection":[189],"safe":[191],"separation.":[193],"Smaller":[194],"platoons":[195],"even":[197],"quicker.":[198],"Consequently,":[199],"automobile":[200],"manufacturers":[201],"may":[202],"additional":[205],"safety":[206],"offered":[207],"by":[208],"provide":[212],"net":[214],"benefit.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}