{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4286571699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468","title":"MAQO: A Scalable Many-Core Annealer for Quadratic Optimization","display_name":"MAQO: A Scalable Many-Core Annealer for Quadratic Optimization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4286571699","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605407","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008846358","display_name":"Mohammad Bagherbeik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1834-7371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Bagherbeik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022647373","display_name":"Wentao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1054-6037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040710483","display_name":"Seyed Farzad Mousavi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-3043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Farzad Mousavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002902393","display_name":"Kouichi Kanda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252096349","display_name":"Fujitsu (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/038e2g226","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252096349"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kouichi Kanda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujitsu Limited,Kawasaki,Japan","Fujitsu Limited, Kawasaki, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujitsu Limited,Kawasaki,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252096349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujitsu Limited, Kawasaki, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252096349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076932154","display_name":"Hirotaka Tamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4152-1406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800638042","display_name":"Socionext (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ma89d43","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800638042"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hirotaka Tamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["DXR Laboratory,Yokohama,Japan","DXR Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DXR Laboratory,Yokohama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800638042"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DXR Laboratory, Yokohama, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077605824","display_name":"Ali Sheikholeslami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0970-6897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Sheikholeslami","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Dept. of ECE,Toronto,Canada,ON M5S 3G4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008846358"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8597,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66274727,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"76","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9754999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7720805406570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7511513233184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratix","display_name":"Stratix","score":0.7458899617195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.7034623622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6412047147750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.5586846470832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simd","display_name":"SIMD","score":0.48474475741386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.44927701354026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4105663299560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.39867666363716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07815998792648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07238012552261353}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7720805406570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7511513233184814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776277307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22074755","display_name":"Stratix","level":3,"score":0.7458899617195129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.7034623622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6412047147750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.5586846470832825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150552126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339387","display_name":"SIMD","level":2,"score":0.48474475741386414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.44927701354026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4105663299560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.39867666363716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07815998792648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07238012552261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46769.2022.9830468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605407","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136725475","https://openalex.org/W1975010174","https://openalex.org/W2320205417","https://openalex.org/W1595151633","https://openalex.org/W1991190250","https://openalex.org/W2074226157","https://openalex.org/W4308084229","https://openalex.org/W4255428424","https://openalex.org/W3027559990","https://openalex.org/W4286571699"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"end":[1],"of":[2,11,37,52,70],"Dennard":[3],"Scaling":[4],"has":[5],"led":[6],"to":[7,75,78],"the":[8,89],"increased":[9],"development":[10],"domain-specific":[12],"hardware":[13],"for":[14,28],"difficult":[15],"tasks":[16],"such":[17],"as":[18],"combinatorial":[19],"optimization.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"proposes":[23],"a":[24,38,45,58,66,94],"scalable":[25],"CMOS":[26],"architecture":[27,54],"solving":[29],"NP-hard":[30],"permutation":[31],"optimization":[32],"problems":[33],"through":[34],"careful":[35],"design":[36],"custom":[39],"processing":[40],"core":[41],"in":[42],"combination":[43],"with":[44,65,83,97],"Parallel":[46],"Tempering":[47],"scheduler.":[48],"A":[49],"32-core":[50],"variant":[51],"this":[53],"is":[55,73],"implemented":[56,92],"on":[57,93],"Stratix":[59],"10":[60],"FPGA,":[61],"operating":[62],"at":[63],"220MHz":[64],"peak":[67],"power":[68],"draw":[69],"40W,":[71],"and":[72,82],"shown":[74],"perform":[76],"up":[77],"4":[79],"times":[80,85],"faster":[81],"40":[84],"higher":[86],"efficiency":[87],"than":[88],"same":[90],"algorithm":[91],"64-core":[95],"CPU":[96],"SIMD.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T07:56:22.981413","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}