{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3048728216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","title":"A 0.26% BER, 10<sup>28</sup> Challenge-Response Machine-Learning Resistant Strong-PUF in 14nm CMOS Featuring Stability-Aware Adversarial Challenge Selection","display_name":"A 0.26% BER, 10<sup>28</sup> Challenge-Response Machine-Learning Resistant Strong-PUF in 14nm CMOS Featuring Stability-Aware Adversarial Challenge Selection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3048728216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","mag":"3048728216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078003656","display_name":"Vikram Suresh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8879-1967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vikram Suresh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074467331","display_name":"Raghavan Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-1886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raghavan Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052106795","display_name":"Mark Anders","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5748-8420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Anders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081032347","display_name":"Himanshu Kaul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-7486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Himanshu Kaul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076642880","display_name":"Vivek De","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-1079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivek De","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039276616","display_name":"Sanu Mathew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-7533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanu Mathew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits Research Lab, Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91787576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6332055926322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5445433259010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.5410768389701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.5067165493965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverter","display_name":"Inverter","score":0.46489375829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45963340997695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.45881351828575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"Pruning","score":0.443093478679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4199445843696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38516733050346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27527087926864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2072492241859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.19139689207077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18672046065330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.11922165751457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.08089002966880798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6332055926322937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5445433259010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.5410768389701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.5067165493965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.46489375829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45963340997695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.45881351828575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.443093478679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4199445843696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38516733050346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27527087926864624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2072492241859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19139689207077026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18672046065330505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11922165751457214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.08089002966880798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsicircuits18222.2020.9162890","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W98453623","https://openalex.org/W2340624421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"10":[1],"<sup":[2],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[3],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">28</sup>":[4],"challenge-response":[5],"strong-PUF":[6],"in":[7],"14nm":[8],"CMOS,":[9],"demonstrates":[10],"machine":[11],"learning":[12],"(ML)":[13],"attack":[14,32],"resistance":[15],"across":[16,55],"6-million":[17],"training":[18],"samples.":[19],"The":[20,36],"2-stage":[21],"non-linear":[22],"cascaded":[23],"PUF":[24],"array":[25,49],"with":[26,42],"adversarial":[27],"challenge":[28,44],"selection":[29],"limits":[30],"ML":[31],"accuracy":[33],"to":[34],"~50%.":[35],"configurable":[37],"cross-coupled":[38],"inverter-based":[39],"entropy":[40],"source":[41],"stability-aware":[43],"pruning":[45],"enables":[46],"9.8\u00d7":[47],"higher":[48],"density":[50],"and":[51,57],"0.26%":[52],"peak":[53],"BER":[54],"650-850mV":[56],"0-100\u00b0C.":[58]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
