{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2041947839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","title":"A 1.5GHz all-digital frequency-locked loop with 1-bit ΔΣ frequency detection in 0.18μm CMOS","display_name":"A 1.5GHz all-digital frequency-locked loop with 1-bit ΔΣ frequency detection in 0.18μm CMOS","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2041947839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","mag":"2041947839"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technical Papers of 2014 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048127412","display_name":"Huiying Zhuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huiying Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100345712","display_name":"Yu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1282-5312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025671584","display_name":"Woogeun Rhee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-4132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woogeun Rhee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356864","display_name":"Zhihua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6567-0759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Inst. of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048127412"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119392","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67683074,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7466716766357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.6940708756446838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.6716009378433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6207554340362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5997399687767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.5874975919723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.5558541417121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-multiplier","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","score":0.5468180179595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","score":0.46477773785591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.45893973112106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-detector","display_name":"Phase detector","score":0.45539751648902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.45101338624954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-frequency-detector","display_name":"Phase frequency detector","score":0.4392695128917694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40116649866104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38081249594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3268266022205353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.32230013608932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.24491286277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.14179903268814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/charge-pump","display_name":"Charge pump","score":0.08724191784858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.08273923397064209}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7466716766357422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.6940708756446838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.6716009378433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6207554340362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5997399687767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.5874975919723511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.5558541417121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146002875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074289","display_name":"Frequency multiplier","level":3,"score":0.5468180179595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99594498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434524","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","level":4,"score":0.46477773785591125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.45893973112106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110086884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085341","display_name":"Phase detector","level":3,"score":0.45539751648902893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.45101338624954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776158855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085341","display_name":"Phase frequency detector","level":5,"score":0.4392695128917694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40116649866104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38081249594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3268266022205353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.32230013608932495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.24491286277770996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.14179903268814087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114825011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440704","display_name":"Charge pump","level":4,"score":0.08724191784858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.08273923397064209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2014.6834880","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Technical Papers of 2014 International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005123963","https://openalex.org/W2023110028","https://openalex.org/W2030871918","https://openalex.org/W2084208879","https://openalex.org/W2110245858","https://openalex.org/W2118154600","https://openalex.org/W2120500930","https://openalex.org/W2128110715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3095898867","https://openalex.org/W2769992427","https://openalex.org/W2093119242","https://openalex.org/W2563014579","https://openalex.org/W2096310032","https://openalex.org/W2047316208","https://openalex.org/W8540372","https://openalex.org/W2999589556","https://openalex.org/W2085674059","https://openalex.org/W2157123018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,67],"1.5":[1],"GHz":[2,103],"all-digital":[3,24,28],"fractional-N":[4],"frequency-locked":[5,29],"loop":[6,30,87],"by":[7],"utilizing":[8],"a":[9,33,47,106,113,122],"\u0394\u03a3":[10,35,81],"frequency-to-digital":[11],"converter":[12,42],"(FDC)":[13],"is":[14,73],"implemented":[15],"in":[16,89],"0.18":[17],"\u03bcm":[18],"CMOS.":[19],"Different":[20],"from":[21,79,121],"the":[22,27,80,90,98],"conventional":[23],"phase-locked":[25],"loop,":[26],"(ADFLL)":[31],"with":[32,51],"1-bit":[34],"frequency":[36,49,54],"detector":[37],"(FD)":[38],"avoids":[39],"complex":[40],"time-to-digital":[41],"(TDC)":[43],"design":[44],"and":[45,83],"achieves":[46,105],"fine":[48],"resolution":[50],"bi-level":[52],"oversampled":[53],"detection,":[55],"thus":[56],"enabling":[57],"low-cost":[58],"high-frequency":[59],"synthesis":[60],"without":[61],"requiring":[62],"an":[63],"advanced":[64],"CMOS":[65],"technology.":[66],"finite":[68],"impulse":[69],"response":[70],"(FIR)":[71],"filter":[72],"designed":[74],"to":[75],"reduce":[76],"quantization":[77],"noise":[78,108],"FDC":[82],"provides":[84],"highly":[85],"linear":[86],"dynamics":[88],"type-I":[91],"feedback":[92],"system.":[93],"Experimental":[94],"results":[95],"show":[96],"that":[97],"proposed":[99],"ADFLL":[100],"at":[101,112],"1.4":[102],"output":[104],"phase":[107],"of":[109],"-118":[110],"dBc/Hz":[111],"1":[114],"MHz":[115],"offset":[116],"frequency,":[117],"consuming":[118],"7.3":[119],"mW":[120],"1.8":[123],"V":[124],"supply.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}