{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1976040190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","title":"Time-delay integration readout with adjacent pixel signal transfer for CMOS image sensor","display_name":"Time-delay integration readout with adjacent pixel signal transfer for CMOS image sensor","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1976040190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","mag":"1976040190"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Technical Program of 2012 VLSI Design, Automation and Test","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043440765","display_name":"Kuo-Wei Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuo-Wei Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068339076","display_name":"Chin Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6245-3561"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052910427","display_name":"Chih-Cheng Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-5059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Cheng Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsinghua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signal Sensing and Application Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua, University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007601607","display_name":"Wen-Hsu Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166867","display_name":"National Applied Research Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/05wcstg80","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128167","https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Hsu Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111787119","display_name":"Hann-Huei Tsai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166867","display_name":"National Applied Research Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/05wcstg80","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128167","https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hann-Huei Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004861949","display_name":"Chin\u2010Fong Chiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166867","display_name":"National Applied Research Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/05wcstg80","country_code":"TW","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128167","https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Fong Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chip Implementation Center National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan, R.O.C","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043440765"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2275,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.803553,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.8625421524047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.6692919731140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.6422550082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6297659277915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.5614139437675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-sensor","display_name":"CMOS sensor","score":0.5354365110397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-and-integration","display_name":"Time delay and integration","score":0.4999814033508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissipation","display_name":"Dissipation","score":0.4280017912387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4170936346054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3674291968345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35458803176879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26438361406326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2620648145675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2569767236709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.24441391229629517}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.8625421524047852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.6692919731140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6422550082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6297659277915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.5614139437675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210745","display_name":"CMOS sensor","level":3,"score":0.5354365110397339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96566525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805282","display_name":"Time delay and integration","level":2,"score":0.4999814033508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.4280017912387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4170936346054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3674291968345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35458803176879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26438361406326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2620648145675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2569767236709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.24441391229629517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlsi-dat.2012.6212600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of Technical Program of 2012 VLSI Design, Automation and Test","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068002707","https://openalex.org/W2114335262","https://openalex.org/W2123105235","https://openalex.org/W2129005026","https://openalex.org/W2156164696","https://openalex.org/W6667430702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966119149","https://openalex.org/W2099015120","https://openalex.org/W2466718138","https://openalex.org/W2347245756","https://openalex.org/W2351312630","https://openalex.org/W2028671992","https://openalex.org/W2034842517","https://openalex.org/W2092904721","https://openalex.org/W2139451537","https://openalex.org/W2359843762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,90,99,105],"time":[4],"delay":[5],"and":[6,36,49,72,104],"integration":[7],"(TDI)":[8],"structure":[9],"for":[10],"CMOS":[11],"image":[12],"sensor":[13],"(CIS)":[14],"with":[15,62,83],"adjacent":[16,47],"pixel":[17,48,60,67],"signal":[18,43,91],"transfer":[19,100],"(APST).":[20],"The":[21,40],"CCD-like":[22],"TDI":[23,81],"function":[24],"is":[25,44],"achieved":[26],"in":[27,74],"CIS":[28,77],"by":[29,52],"proposed":[30],"APST":[31],"without":[32],"additional":[33],"in-pixel":[34,41],"device":[35],"minimum":[37],"routing":[38],"effort.":[39],"integrated":[42],"transferred":[45],"to":[46,92],"summed":[50],"up":[51],"an":[53],"off-pixel":[54],"column-shared":[55],"unity-gain":[56],"buffer.":[57],"A":[58],"128\u00d76":[59],"array":[61],"6\u00d76\u00b5m":[63],"<sup":[64],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[65],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[66],"size":[68],"has":[69],"been":[70],"designed":[71],"fabricated":[73],"TSMC0.18\u00b5m":[75],"1P6M":[76],"technology":[78],"providing":[79],"6":[80],"stages":[82],"fill":[84],"factor":[85],"of":[86,97,102,109],"23.1%.":[87],"It":[88],"achieves":[89],"noise":[93],"ratio":[94],"(SNR)":[95],"improvement":[96],"13dB,":[98],"efficiency":[101],"99.6%,":[103],"total":[106],"power":[107],"dissipation":[108],"4.43":[110],"\u00b5W":[111],"per":[112],"column":[113],"at":[114],"1.6K":[115],"fps.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
