{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973907409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","title":"A Hierarchical Task Assignment for Manual Image Labeling","display_name":"A Hierarchical Task Assignment for Manual Image Labeling","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973907409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","mag":"2973907409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101709988","display_name":"Chia-Ming Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-6361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chia-Ming Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050955515","display_name":"Siddharth Mishra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I860003557","display_name":"Punjab Engineering College","ror":"https://ror.org/00bsj2955","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I860003557"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddharth Deepak Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I860003557"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102743150","display_name":"Takeo Igarashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5495-6441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takeo Igarashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Creative Informatics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Creative Informatics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101709988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3062,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61141047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"139","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.8416171669960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7981210350990295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6565247178077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.603746771812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5734857320785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5106568932533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4515704810619354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-database-model","display_name":"Hierarchical database model","score":0.4505945146083832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36837178468704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.19682154059410095}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.8416171669960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7981210350990295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6565247178077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.603746771812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5734857320785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5106568932533264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4515704810619354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144986985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q871236","display_name":"Hierarchical database model","level":2,"score":0.4505945146083832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36837178468704224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.19682154059410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2019.8818828","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501005121","https://openalex.org/W1581592866","https://openalex.org/W1959000896","https://openalex.org/W1978962787","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2099284985","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2113043986","https://openalex.org/W2117086609","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2177087598","https://openalex.org/W2528206015","https://openalex.org/W2611083268","https://openalex.org/W2963100522","https://openalex.org/W3103818906","https://openalex.org/W6652119848"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W4205958290","https://openalex.org/W4384212932","https://openalex.org/W2548721895","https://openalex.org/W2373456246","https://openalex.org/W4390590544","https://openalex.org/W2096195258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manual":[0],"image":[1],"labeling":[2,35,93,109,118],"(selecting":[3],"an":[4,8],"appropriate":[5],"\u201ccategory\u201d":[6],"for":[7,91],"image)":[9],"is":[10,120],"very":[11],"tedious":[12],"and":[13],"time":[14,105],"consuming":[15],"especially":[16],"when":[17],"selecting":[18],"labels":[19],"from":[20,71],"a":[21,31,44,53,57,87,92],"large":[22],"number":[23,68],"of":[24,34,69],"categories.":[25],"In":[26,77,111],"this":[27],"study,":[28,80],"we":[29,81],"propose":[30],"hierarchical":[32,84,100,125],"assignment":[33,85,90,101],"tasks":[36],"where":[37],"the":[38,67,78,99,108,113,117,124],"labelers":[39],"recursively":[40],"classify":[41],"images":[42],"in":[43,116,123],"category":[45,49],"group":[46],"into":[47],"sub":[48],"groups,":[50],"working":[51],"on":[52,75],"single":[54],"level":[55],"at":[56],"time.":[58],"This":[59],"significantly":[60],"makes":[61],"each":[62],"labeler's":[63],"task":[64],"easier,":[65],"reducing":[66],"choices":[70],"1,000":[72],"to":[73,86,106],"27":[74],"average.":[76],"user":[79],"compared":[82],"our":[83],"normal":[88],"(non-hierarchical)":[89],"task.":[94,110],"The":[95],"results":[96],"show":[97],"that":[98],"requires":[102],"less":[103],"total":[104],"complete":[107],"addition,":[112],"learning":[114],"effect":[115],"process":[119],"more":[121],"profound":[122],"assignment.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T06:05:50.897203","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}